夏伟伟 邓竹根 戴祖云 韦小飞 李曼








摘 要:为明确安徽省合肥市长丰地区南瓜白粉病病原菌种类及其生理小种,于2020年春季在长丰县吴山镇、水湖镇、岗集镇、造甲乡等地采集16份白粉病病原菌。通过观察病原菌的形态,并以长丰县吴山地区的白粉病菌总DNA为模板扩增其rDNA内转录间隔区(ITS)序列,经过测序比对,推断其为单囊壳白粉菌(Podosphaera xanthii)。最后采用国际公认的13个甜瓜白粉病生理小种鉴别寄主进行接种,根据抗感反应,确定长丰地区南瓜白粉病病原菌生理小种为Podosphaera xanthii race 1。初步明确了2020年春季合肥长丰地区南瓜白粉病病原菌的生理小种,为下一步该地区南瓜抗白粉病新品种选育奠定了基础。
关键词:南瓜;白粉病菌;生理小种;鉴定
中图分类号:S642.1 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1673-2871(2021)11-024-06
Identification of physiological race of pumpkin powdery mildew in Changfeng region
XIA Weiwei1, DNEG Zhugen1, DAI Zuyun1,2, WEI Xiaofei1, LI Man2
(1. Anhui Jianghuai Hortriculture Seeds Co., Ltd., Hefei 230031, Anhui, China; 2. Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China)
Abstract: In order to verify the species and physiological races of pumpkin powdery mildew in Changfeng region, Hefei City, Anhui Province. In the spring of 2020, a total of 16 powdery mildew pathogens were collected in Wushan, Shuihu, Gangji, and Zaojia in Changfeng region. Through morphological observation, and using powdery mildew DNA from Wushan area of Changfeng region as a total DNA template to amplify its rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence. After sequencing and comparison, it was inferred to confirm that it was Podosphaera xanthii. Then the 13 internationally recognized race differenciation host were used to identify the races. Based on the resistance to susceptibility, Podosphaera xanthii physiology race 1 was determined as the pathogenic physiology race of pumpkin powdery mildew in Changfeng region on the spring of 2020. In this study, we had identified the physiological races of powdery mildew pathogen of pumpkin in Changfeng area of Hefei in the spring of 2020, which laid a foundation for breeding new varieties of pumpkin resistant to powdery mildew in this area.
Key words: Pumpkin; Powdery mildew; Physiological race; Identification
南瓜屬于葫芦科(Cucurbitaceae)南瓜属(Cucurbita)一年生蔓生草本植物,营养丰富,具有药用和食用价值[1]。南瓜原产于墨西哥到中美洲一带,明代传入中国,并被广泛种植。南瓜在生长周期内易受多种病害侵染,白粉病是主要病害之一。白粉病在南瓜生长中后期发病,后期植株叶片布满白粉病病菌孢子,形成一层厚厚的白粉层,严重阻碍植物进行光合作用,导致果实减产、品质下降[2-4]。
瓜类白粉病病原菌主要有3个属6个种:白粉菌属(Erysiphe)、内丝白粉菌属(Leveillula)及单囊壳属(Podosphaera),6个种分别是白粉菌属4个,为E. cichoracearum、E. communis、E. polygoni和E. polyphaga;内丝白粉菌属1个,为L. taurica;单囊壳属1个,为 P. xanthii [5]。其中对P. xanthii研究最多,已发现其有11个生理小种,分别是生理小种 0、1、2 US、2 France、3、4、5、N1、N2、N3和N4[6]。
白粉病病原菌主要是通过形态观察、ITS rDNA序列分析及鉴别寄主抗感反应的方法进行鉴定。……