孙姣琦 姜大伟 张春野 惠飞 贾子涛



【摘要】本文建立了通过硫氰酸汞分光光度法对肥料中氯离子含量测定的试验方法。化肥经过处理后,氯离子与硫氰酸汞反应,生成难电离的二氯化汞分子,交换出的硫氰酸根离子与三价铁离子反应,生成橙紅色硫氰酸铁络合物,根据颜色深浅,用分光光度法测定,从而得出氯离子的浓度。通过硫氰酸汞分光光度法与福尔哈德法对肥料中氯离子含量进行测量比较,结果显示,硫氰酸汞分光光度法不受溶液颜色和浊度的干扰,测定更为快速、准确,此种方法缩短了检测时间,实验操作更为简便。
【关键词】硫氰酸汞分光光度法;肥料;氯离子;福尔哈德法
【DOI编码】10.3969/j.issn.1674-4977.2023.04.038
【基金项目】国家市场监督管理总局科技计划项目(2022MK018);辽宁省市场监督管理局科技计划项目(2022ZC015)。
Determination of Chloride Ion Content in Fertilizer by Mercury Thiocyanate Spectrophotometry
SUN Jiaoqi, JIANG Dawei, ZHANG Chunye, HUI Fei, JIA Zitao
(Liaoning Inspection, Examination & Certification Centre, Shenyang 110036, China)
Abstract: A method for the determination of chloride ion in fertilizer by mercury thiocyanate spectrophotometry was established. After the chemical fertilizer is treated, the chloride ion reacts with mercury thiocyanate to form mercury dichloride molecule which is difficult to ionize. The thiocyanate ion reacts with ferric ion to form orange red ferric thiocyanate complex. The concentration of chloride ion is determined by spectrophotometry according to the color depth. The mercury thiocyanate spectrophotometric method and Volhard method were used to measure the content of chloride ions in fertilizer. The results showed that the mercury thiocyanate spectrophotometric method was not affected by the color and turbidity of the solution, and the determination was faster and more accurate. This method shortened the detection time and was easier to operate.
Key words: mercury thiocyanate spectrophotometry; fertilizer;chloride ion; Volhard method
化肥被称为“粮食的粮食”。我国用世界7%的耕地,养活了世界22%的人口,化肥目前对国家粮食的贡献率是50%。农作物正常的生长除了水、二氧化碳、阳光这些最基础的条件外,还需要很多其他的微量元素,氯离子就是其中之一。适量的氯离子能够促进农作物的生长、增加农作物的产量,但是如果土壤中存在了过多的氯离子可能造成土壤酸化等一系列问题[1],而且氯对农作物造成危害往往是不可以补救的。既要保证化肥有很好的利用率,同时也要保证粮食的生产,是肥料行业目前需要解决的重要难题。
严格控制好化肥中氯离子含量是避免对农作物造成危害的源头控制。……