前牙即刻种植即刻修复与早期种植延期修复在牙周病患者中的应用效果比较

安忆军 王静

【摘 要】目的 比較前牙即刻种植即刻修复与早期种植延期修复在牙周病患者中的应用效果。方法 选取2021年4月-2022年2月于银川市口腔医院牙周黏膜科行前牙种植修复的90例牙周病患者为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为参照组和探究组，每组45例。参照组予以即刻种植即刻修复，探究组予以早期种植延期修复，比较两组牙周组织健康程度、美学效果、并发症发生情况及主观满意度。结果 探究组修复后3、6、12个月穿龈深度及修复后12个月骨吸收量均优于参照组（P<0.05）；探究组修复后12个月PES评分、WES评分均高于参照组（P<0.05）；探究组并发症发生率为11.11%，低于参照组的26.67%（P<0.05）；探究组主观满意度评分均高于参照组（P<0.05）。结论 前牙即刻种植即刻修复在牙周病患者中的应用效果优于早期种植延期修复，可有效改善患者的牙周组织健康程度，对于提高前牙美学效果及患者主观满意度均具有积极意义，且并发症发生几率较低，安全性较高。

【关键词】前牙种植修复；即刻种植即刻修复；早期种植延期修复；牙周病

中图分类号：R781.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1004-4949（2023）14-0009-04

Comparison of Application Effects of Immediate Implant Restoration and Early Implant Delayed Restoration of Anterior Teeth in Patients with Periodontal Disease

AN Yi-jun1， WANG Jing2

（Department of Periodontal Mucosa1， Department of Geriatric Stomatology2， Yinchuan Stomatological Hospital， Yinchuan 750001， Ningxia， China）

【Abstract】Objective To compare the application effect of immediate implant restoration and early implant delayed restoration of anterior teeth in patients with periodontal disease. Methods From April 2021 to February 2022， 90 patients with periodontal disease who underwent anterior teeth implant restoration in the Department of Periodontal Mucosa， Yinchuan Stomatological Hospital were selected as the research objects. According to the random number table method， they were divided into reference group and exploration group， with 45 patients in each group. The reference group was given immediate implant restoration， and the exploration group was given early implant delayed restoration. The periodontal tissue health， aesthetic effect， complications and subjective satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results The gingival penetration depth at 3， 6 and 12 months after repair and bone resorption at 12 months after repair in the exploration group were better than those in the reference group （P<0.05）. The PES score and WES score of the exploration group were higher than those of the reference group at 12 months after repair （P<0.05）. The incidence of complications in the exploration group was 11.11%， which was lower than 26.67% in the reference group （P<0.05）. The subjective satisfaction scores of the exploration group were higher than those in the reference group （P<0.05）. Conclusion The application effect of immediate implant restoration of anterior teeth in patients with periodontal disease is better than that of early implant delayed restoration， which can effectively improve the health of periodontal tissue， and has positive significance for improving the aesthetic effect of anterior teeth and subjective satisfaction of patients. Meanwhile， the incidence of complications is low and the safety is high.

【Key words】Anterior implant restoration； Immediate implant restoration ； Early implant delayed restoration； Periodontal disease

牙周病（periodontal disease）是导致成人缺牙的重要原因，对口腔健康影响较大。目前，在牙周炎患者中，种植体作为一种治疗手段被广泛应用于牙周缺损的治疗中，但其疗效仍有待进一步提高[1]。种植修复方式有即刻修复和延期修复两种。延期修复是指在植入种植体大约3个月后，待患牙创口愈合再行修复。而即刻种植即刻修复是指在拔除患牙的同时，在新鲜创口内植入种植体。与延期修复相比，即刻种植即刻修复可以减少手术次数、缩短疗程及缺牙时间。有研究表明[2]，在前牙区进行即时种植是可行的。前牙区的美感是影响患者健康的重要因素，因此，在前牙区进行即时种植修复是目前临床亟待解决的问题，如何在保证种植体与前牙区骨性整合的前提下，提升其美学效果是目前的研究热点[3]。……