微小切口进路坚固内固定术治疗口腔颌面部骨折的临床效果

孙晓宇 于彦领

[摘 要]目的 探究對口腔颌面部骨折患者应用微小切口进路坚固内固定术治疗的效果。方法 选择2021年6月-2022年6月青岛大学附属威海市中心医院收治的80例口腔颌面部骨折患者为研究对象，依据随机数字表法分为对照组（n=41）和研究组（n=39）。对照组应用颌间结扎固定术治疗，研究组应用微小切口进路坚固内固定术治疗，比较两组骨折愈合率、生活质量、不良反应发生率及恢复满意度。结果 研究组骨折总愈合率为94.87%，高于对照组的78.05%（P<0.05）；研究组治疗后生活质量各项评分均高于对照组（P<0.05）；研究组不良反应发生率为5.13%，低于对照组的24.39%（P<0.05）；研究组恢复满意度为97.44%，高于对照组的82.93%（P<0.05）。结论 微小切口进路坚固内固定术治疗口腔颌面部骨折效果良好，可有效提高患者骨折愈合率和生活质量，且不良反应较少，患者整体满意度较高，值得临床应用。

[关键词] 微小切口进路坚固内固定术；口腔颌面部骨折；颌间结扎固定术；骨折愈合率

[中图分类号] R683 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1004-4949（2024）05-0038-04

Clinical Effect of Microincision Approach Rigid Internal Fixation in the Treatment of Oral and Maxillofacial Fractures

SUN Xiao-yu， YU Yan-ling

（Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery， Weihai Central Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University， Weihai 264400， Shandong， China）

[Abstract]Objective To explore the effect of microincision approach rigid internal fixation in patients with oral and maxillofacial fractures. Methods A total of 80 patients with oral and maxillofacial fractures admitted to Weihai Central Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University from June 2021 to June 2022 were selected as the research objects. According to the random number table method， they were divided into control group （n=41） and study group （n=39）. The control group was treated with intermaxillary ligation and fixation， and the study group was treated with microincision approach rigid internal fixation. The fracture healing rate， quality of life， incidence of adverse reactions and recovery satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results The total healing rate of fracture in the study group was 94.87%， which was higher than 78.05% in the control group （P<0.05）. The scores of quality of life in the study group were higher than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was 5.13%， which was lower than 24.39% in the control group （P<0.05）. The recovery satisfaction of the study group was 97.44%， which was higher than 82.93% of the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Microincision approach rigid internal fixation is effective in the treatment of oral and maxillofacial fractures， which can effectively improve the fracture healing rate and quality of life of patients， with fewer adverse reactions and higher overall satisfaction of patients. It is worthy of clinical application.

[Key words] Microincision approach rigid internal fixation； Oral and maxillofacial fractures； Intermaxillary ligation and fixation； Fracture healing rate

口腔颌面部骨折（oral and maxillofacial fractures）的发生原因和外界暴力、车祸、高空坠落、意外摔倒等直接相关[1]。由于人体颌面部血运相对丰富，一旦发生骨折可能导致大量出血，若未经针对性治疗，极可能导致患者呼吸困难或感染，若情况严重，可能导致患者休克或死亡，值得临床引起高度重视[2，3]。当前临床可通过手术方式使骨折位置复位，颌间结扎固定术即为术式的一种，但该术式可能会对患者面部美观度造成影响，且恢复时间整体较长，效果较不理想[4]。有资料表明[5]，微小切口进路坚固内固定术作为微创手术的一种，在口腔颌面部骨折患者中开展，可有效提高临床疗效。本研究旨在探究微小切口进路坚固内固定术治疗口腔颌面部骨折的临床效果，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料 选择2021年6月-2022年6月青岛大学附属威海市中心医院收治的80例口腔颌面部骨折患者为研究对象，依据随机数字表法分为对照组（n=41）和研究组（n=39）。……