
中图分类号:TF812 文献标志码:B 文章编号:1004-4345(2025)02-0025-04
Exploration andPracticeof Key Technologies fora Complete Setof Equipment in Lead Tankhouse
XIONG Jiazhi12, PENG Hongdao12, CHEN Hao12, YANG Guang1,2 (1.China Nerin Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang,Jiangxi 33Oo38,China; 2.Jiangxi Nerin Equipment Co.,Ltd., Nanchang,Jiangxi 330o32, China)
AbstractInresponsetolong-termdependenceonimportedlead electrolysisunitsandinsuficientstabilityofkeyprocesses,a complete set of lead electrolysis equipment with independent intelectual propertyrights has been developed basedon a new 480kt/a (2 projectofalargedomesticleadsmeltingenterprise.Thethreemajortechnicalbotlenecksexistigintetraditioalequpmenthave beensystematicallysolvedbytheinnovativedesignofaverticalinsertionsystemofleadstartingshets,asegmentedhigpresure cleaningsystemforconductiverods,andnon-destructiveseparationtechnologyforleadrodinterfaces:1)Thedeviationinthe pendencycontrolofthestartingsheetsleadstoahighshortcircuitrateintheelectrolysis;2)Teloweficiencyofremovingsedient onthesurfaceofconductiverodsleads toanincrease inenergyconsumption;3)Themechanicalwearduring theseparationof plate androdleadstoshortservicelifeoftheconductiverodIndustrialapplicationshaveshowthatthenewtechnologyhasrducedthe short-circuit rate in the electrolysis from 1.12% to 0.43% ,improved the operating efficiency of the unit to 11.5 s/pair, extended the service life of the conductive rod by 12.8% ,and significantly optimized the economic and technical indicators of the electrolysis.
Keywords lead electrolysis; cathode plate spacing; rod-plate separation; high-pressure cleaning
铅电解机组作为铝电解车间的核心装备,其运行效能与工艺稳定性直接决定着铅电解车间的产能规模及产品质量。目前,该成套装备的技术长期被国外垄断,虽有国内企业开展了技术消化与吸收工作,但未取得较大的技术突破,设备运行中的关键工艺问题仍未得到解决。行业调查表明,现有铅电解成套装备常见的问题集中于:1)阴阳极自动排距机组排布的始极片悬垂度不足,导致电解过程中易出现短路问题2;2)导电棒表面清洁度不达标导致导电性能下降、能耗上升[3;3)铅棒板分离效率低下与导电棒异常磨损造成的设备故障率攀升及关键部件寿命缩减[4]
为突破上述技术壁垒,提高国产装备技术竞争力,江西瑞林装备有限公司依托国内某大型铅冶炼企业新建 480kt/a 项目,通过集成创新成功研制出成套铅电解机组。该装备通过多项创新技术的应用,显著改善了设备对复杂工况的适应性,在生产效率提升、产品品质控制、导电棒使用寿命延长等方面展现出显著优势。本文拟重点解析该设备的关键技术特征与结构设计要点。
1问题分析
1.1铅始极片悬垂度较差
在铅电解工艺中,铅始极片和铅阳极板需在电解槽内保持精确等距排列。过大的极距会导致电解的沉积电流效率下降,过小的极距则易引发极板接触短路。因此,铅始极片的悬垂度偏差会直接影响间距的稳定性。受限于材质特性与几何尺寸,铅始极片的机械性能刚性较差,在转运和插装过程中极易发生变形,因此悬垂度控制成为阴阳极自动排距机组的核心工艺指标。……