Abstract:To reveal the differences in the plankton communitystructure in paddy field water under three cultivation modes,including rice-wheatrotation(RW),rice-crayfishrotation(RC1),andrice-crayfishco-cultivation(RC2),weinvestigatedthechanges inthecomposition,density,anddiversityindexofplanktoncommunitiesinpaddywater.Additionally,weexplored therelationships betweendiferentcultivationmodesandthechangesof physicochemical factorsof paddy
收稿日期:2024-08-27
基金项目:不同稻虾综合种养模式下的稻田生态系统健康评价项目[CX(23)3007];江苏现代农业(克氏原螯虾)产业技术体系种质创新与苗种繁育创新团队项目[JATS(2023)372];江苏省种业振兴“揭榜挂帅\"项目[JBGS(2021)119]
作者简介:王丹(1999-),女,江苏大丰人,硕士研究生,主要从事水产养殖生态学研究。(E-mail)w629810@163.com
通讯作者:许志强,(E-mail)sfdjslka@163.com waterand the plankton communities.The resultsshowed that the total nitrogen(TN)content in RW modewas significantly higher thanthatinRC1mode and RC2 mode ( Plt;0.05, .The composition ofphytoplankton community inpaddy waterunder the three modes was similar. The dominantspeciesof zooplankton were mainlyrotifers,and thedominant speciesof phytoplanktonwere mainlyChlorophytaphytoplankton and Bacillariophytaphytoplankton.
Duringthe grain-filing stage,the densityof cladoceransand copepods inpaddy waterunder RW mode was significantly lowerthan that under RC1 modeandRC2 mode.The average densityof phytoplankton in Chlorophyta,Cyanophyta,Euglenophytaand Bacilariophyta in water was also significantly lowerthan that under RC1modeandRC2 mode.During the tillering stage,the phytoplankton diversityindexandevenness index in paddy waterunder RC2 mode were significantly higher than those under RC1 mode( Plt;0.05 ).During the grain-filling stage,the phytoplankton diversity index and richnessindexinpaddywaterunderboththeRC1modeandRC2mode weresignificantlyhigherthanthoseundertheRWmode ( Plt;0.05, .Theresults of redundancy analysis(RDA)demonstratedthat nitrite nitrogen(NO 2 -N),ammonia nitrogen ( NH3 -N),nitrate nitrogen(NO 3 -N),total nitrogen(TN),and total phosphorus(TP)were key environmental factors significantlyaffcting planktoncommunitiesinwater.Ingeneral,therice-crayfishco-cultivationmodeexhibitssuperiorwater quality and higher plankton diversity and richness.
Key words: Procambarus clarkii;rice-crayfish co-cultivation;plankton
稻田综合种养是在水稻田中引入水生经济动物,充分利用生物间的互作关系,构建更为复杂的生态网络,从而提高稻田环境稳定性和经济收益的一种农业生产模式。稻田综合种养种类多样,将克氏原螯虾养殖与水稻种植有机结合(稻虾种养模式)是近年来发展比较迅猛且广受关注的一种复合农业模式,可实现水稻与克氏原螯虾的双丰收[1-2]。据统计,2023年中国稻田克氏原虾养殖面积达到(20号 1.6867×106hm2 ,占全国种养面积的 56.37%[3] (204号
研究发现,将克氏原螯虾引入稻田生态系统,对稻田生物赖以生存的水环境产生了很大的影响。稻田水体生态系统主要受生物和非生物两类因素影响,非生物因素是指水体的环境因子,主要用一系列的理化指标衡量,如温度、 pH 、溶解氧(DO)、氨氮( NH3 N)、亚硝酸盐氮( NO2--N )、硝酸盐氮( NO3--N )、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)等;生物因素主要包括水环境中的动植物及微生物等,它们之间相互影响构成了复杂的生物网络。浮游生物作为水生生态系统中最基础的营养和能量来源,对水产动物的生长具有重要作用[4]。浮游生物一般分为浮游动物和浮游植物,它们通过复杂的食物网关系,维持生态系统稳定[5]。……