分阶段目标教学在胸外科护理实习带教中的价值探讨

朱红桃

[摘要] 目的 探究分阶段目标教学在胸外科护理实习带教中的价值。方法 选取该院2018年3月—2019年2月期间接收的46名胸外科护理实习生作为研究对象，依据临床带教方式的不同，将其分为常规带教的23名对照组实习生与分阶段目标带教的23名干预组实习生。对比两组实习生实习期间的理论知识、实践能力等评分、成绩数据。结果 在理论知识掌握方面，干预组实习生在理论知识掌握程度方面与对照组相比较占有优势，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;在实践能力表现方面，干预组实习生在实践操作能力相较于对照组占有优势，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;在成绩考核方面，干预组实习生在理论知识考核、实践成绩考核方面与对照组实习生相比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 分阶段目标教学在实践过程中将起到进一步巩固记忆的作用，从而保证胸外科护理实习生的实习评分、成绩有显著地提升。

[关键词] 分阶段目标教学;护理实习;临床带教;胸外科

[中图分类号] R47 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1672-5654（2020）09（b）-0129-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the value of staged target teaching in nursing practice teaching in thoracic surgery. Methods 46 nursing interns in thoracic surgery accepted by the hospital from March 2018 to February 2019 were selected as the research objects. According to the different clinical teaching methods， they were divided into 23 normal control interns and control interns. 23 interns in the intervention group who were taught by stage goals. Compare the theoretical knowledge and practical ability of the two groups of interns during their internship and score data. Results In terms of theoretical knowledge mastery， the intervention group had an advantage over the control group in terms of the degree of theoretical knowledge mastery， the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）; in terms of practical ability performance， the intervention group interns had a higher level of practical operation ability. There was a statistically significant advantage over the control group， the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）; in terms of performance assessment， the interns in the intervention group are compared with those in the control group in terms of theoretical knowledge assessment and practical performance assessment. The difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion The staged goal teaching will play a role in further consolidating memory in the process of practice， so as to ensure that the practice scores and performance of nursing trainees in thoracic surgery are significantly improved.

[Key words] Staged target teaching; Nursing practice; Clinical teaching; Thoracic surgery

臨床护理涉及自然科学、心理疏导、日常监护等多方面的护理学科，在临床护理过程中，临床护理工作的科学性与实践性均有着重要的价值，实践性需要良好的理论知识为基础，并且理论知识必须遵循科学性、合理性、专业性，由此可知，临床护理工作的开展就是护理专业理论知识在验证科学性、合理性、专业性以后，将其在实际护理工作中实施起来的过程[1-2]。实习生在院实习的过程，就是将理论知识与实践能力相结合的过程中，在此期间，验证护理理论知识的专业性、科学性，并将专业的理论转变为实际的理论操作[3]。在胸外科护理实习中，实习生需要巩固、演化的理论知识更加繁多且复杂[4]。胸外科患者常常需要行较大的手术，该科室要求专科性较强的临床措施来保证患者的护理服务质量，因此，在胸外科的护理实习中，实习内容较为复杂，故需促使护理实习生在实习阶段以最好的状态完成护理实习，获得更好的成绩评分。完成该目标的重点在于护理教学方式方面，目的性强、适合实习生更好地完成护理实习的教学方式能够有效促进实习生在临床护理实习中获得更好地效果[5]。该次研究中，选择该院2018年3月—2019年2月期间接收的46例胸外科护理实习生作为研究对象，通过实施不同的实习带教模式，探究分阶段目标教学在胸外科护理实习带教中的价值，报道如下。