Ｕｎｉｔｓ８—１０句子解密

谢　昊

Unit 8

1.Is it someone in your family? 是不是你家里的人？

解读 (1)it在此句中指人，表示说话时不清楚的对象可以用it代替。例如：

——Who is it? 是哪位？——Its me. 我。

Sorry!I didnt know it was you. 对不起！我不知道是你。

(2)it除上述用法外，还有：

①代替前文提到过的事物。

There is a documentary on TV; it starts at 8:15 p.m.

电视上要播出一部记录片，晚上8:15开始。

②表示时间、天气、距离等。

Its rather humid today. 今天挺潮湿。

Its September 10th, Teachers Day. 今天是9月10号，教师节。

Quite far, its about 2 hours drive. 挺远的，开车大约得两个小时。

③作形式主语或宾语，代替动词不定式、动名词或者从句，使原来的这些主语可以放在句子后部，免得句子显得头重脚轻。

Its very nice of you to say so. 你这么说真是太感谢你了。

Its time for us to get up. 我们该起床了。

Its no use talking to him about it. 跟他谈这事没用。

Its true that a new kind of microwave oven is on show in the supermarket. 是真的，超市里展出了一款新式的微波炉。

警示 it在一个具体的语言环境中指代人是暂时的，一旦不清楚的对象弄明白后，就要改用相应的人称代词。例如：

——Whos singing? 谁在唱歌？

——Its Ma Lili. Shes preparing for a contest.

马莉莉。她在准备比赛。

应用 指出下列句子中的it属于下列用法中的哪一种。

A.指代前文提到过的东西 B.指代人

C.表示时间、天气、距离等 D.作形式主语或宾语

①You cant eat your cake and have it.

②Oh, its you; glad to meet you!

③It was late autumn.

④How much does it cost to send a letter by air?

⑤Its pity that she didnt come to my party.

⑥Is it your sister, Jenny?

⑦I found it difficult to go to sleep.

⑧Its getting dark.

解答

①A ②B ③C ④D ⑤D ⑥B ⑦D ⑧C

2.Dogs are too difficult to take care of. 狗不容易照料好。

解读 (1)too…to的意思是“太……而不能……”。其句子结构为“too+形容词(副词)+to+动词原形”。例如：

Nothing is too difficult (to do) if you put your heart in it.

(谚)世上无难事，只怕有心人。

The elephant is too big to go through the gate.

大象太大了，无法通过这个门。

The next day she got up too late to catch the early bus.

第二天，她起床太晚，没有赶上早班车。

如果动词不定式有自己的逻辑主语，须用for sb.，并置于它的前面。例如：

The story was too long for me to understand. 故事太长，我无法理解。

It was raining too hard for them to go on with the match.

雨下得太大了，他们无法继续比赛。

(2)take care of照顾，照料

Take care of yourself!保重自己！

警示 ①too…to…句型中的程度副词too不能被very, quite, so等词代替。

②下列说法是错误的：

She thinks English is too hard to learn it.

因为主语English在逻辑上就是learn的宾语，所以必须去掉it。

再如：

The sports shoes are too expensive to buy. (不能在buy后接them)

Please take good care of your school things. 请保管好你的学习用品。

I cant go with you. I have a little sister to take care of.

我不能与你一起去，我要照看小妹。

须注意的是：上句句尾的介词of不能丢掉，因为在逻辑上to take care of所修饰的词a little sister就是它的宾语。再如：

Ive no pen to write with. 我没有钢笔写。(不可丢掉with)

The bed is too hard to sleep on.

床太硬了，叫人无法睡。(不可丢掉on)

应用 选择填空。

①There are ____ many new words in each unit to learn; I want to give up.

A. so B. too C. very D. quite

②Im afraid that sweater is too dear ____.

A. to buy B. to buy it C. buying D. buying it

③Young trees should be taken ____ care ____.

A. good, / B. well, / C. good, of D. well, of

④Take care ____ a cold, Li Yang!

A. not to catch B. not catching C. not of D. of no

解答

①B too…to…太……而不能……

②A 主语sweater在逻辑上就是buy的宾语，不须用it。

③C care是名词，须用形容词修饰，主语young trees就是take care的宾语，所以不能去掉of。

④A take care not to do sth.当心不要……

3.Sometimes I dont have enough time to spend with her.

有时候，我没有足够的时间与她共处。

解读 (1)sometimes有时

Tea is sometimes a kind of drink, sometimes a light meal between lunch and dinner. 茶有时指一种饮品，有时指中、晚餐之间的轻淡的一餐。