加强学生医患沟通技巧培养的必要性及途径

范秀玉??李晓华??王琳娜??范博??姚丹

[摘要]为使医学生尽快适应现代医学模式发展的需要，将医学生医患沟通技巧及职业素质培养作为当前高等医学教育的重点内容，在临床教学及实习中，有计划的融入医患沟通技巧教学与实践，结合突发事件、医疗纠纷等典型案例中有关医患沟通的经验为素材开展教学，对提高学生的专业素质具有重要意义。

[关键词]医患沟通；职业素质；教育

[中图分类号] G642 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 2095-0616（2014）04-154-03

The necessity and methods of strengthening the training of doctor-patient communication techniques for medical students

FAN Xiuyu LI Xiaohua WANG Linna FAN Bo YAO Dan

Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University，Qiqihar 161000，China

[Abstract] In order to help students adapt to the development of contemporary medical mode，doctor-patient communication techniques and training of professional qualities for medical students are selected as key teachings in higher education for medicine. In clinical teachings and practices，teachings and practices regarding doctor-patient communication techniques are integrated into the education based on plans，and relevant experience on doctor-patient communication extracted from typical cases such as emergencies and medical disputes is taken as materials for the education，all of which are of great significance in enhancing student's professional qualities.

[Key words] Doctor-patient communication； Professional qualities； Education

医患沟通指在医疗卫生和保健工作中，医患双方围绕伤病、诊疗、健康及相关因素等主题，以医方为主导，通过多途径的交流，科学地指导患者的诊疗，建立双方相互尊重、理解和信任的医患关系[1]。目前，在国内外高等医学教育中，有关医生职业素质及医患沟通技巧方面的教育日趋完善，但在学生医疗实习阶段的相关教学尚显不足。在医学生临床实习阶段将培养学生医患沟通能力作为主要的临床技能之一进行有计划的培养教育，对保障学生未来医疗工作顺利进行，增强医患的互信，减少医疗纠纷等具有重要的意义。

1 开展医学生职业素质及医患沟通能力培养的必要性

随着社会的发展进步，人类的生活水平不断提高，医学模式正在由以往的生物医学模式向生物-心理-社会医学模式转变，以往的以疾病为中心的医患关系正向以患者为中心、以健康为目的的服务关系转变。对医务工作者医疗技术及服务水……