农村精神分裂症患者精神卫生知晓率与病耻感相关分析

姚丰菊  魏玉梅

[摘要] 目的 了解重性精神疾病管理治疗项目救助的农村精神分裂症患者精神卫生知晓率与病耻感相关因素，为社区综合干预提供基础资料。 方法 随机抽取新乡县2011年重性精神疾病管理治疗项目救助的107例精神分裂症患者为调查对象。测查患者精神卫生知识知晓率、评估获得社会支持及病耻感状况，分析相关因素。 结果 对精神卫生知识知晓的有47例，占43.9%，与对照组相比较在价值否定和社交退缩方面差异具有显著性（P＜0.01）。 结论 影响精神分裂症患者病耻感存在多方面因素，应强化社区综合干预,提高精神卫生公众教育与知晓率。

[关键词] 农村；精神分裂症；知晓率；病耻感

[中图分类号] R749.3   [文献标识码] B   [文章编号] 2095-0616（2014）08-55-03

Correlation analysis of mental health awareness rate and sense of shame of rural patients with schizophrenia

YAO Fengju  WEI Yumei

Department of Psychiatry,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang 453002,China

[Abstract] Objective To understand the influencing factors of the awareness rate and sense of shame of the rural patients with schizophrenia helped by the severe mental illness management project and provide basic data for community comprehensive intervention. Methods 107 patients with schizophrenia helped by the severe mental illness management project in 2011 were selected as the study subjects. The patients'mental health awareness rate was measured;The social support and sense of shame were evaluated;Relevant factors were analyzed. Results Forty-seven patients were aware of mental health knowledge,accounting for 43.9%, who were significantly different from the control group in the value negation and social withdrawal(P＜0.01). Conclusion There are multiple factors influencing the sense of shame of the patients with schizophrenia. Community comprehensive intervention should be strengthened to improve the public education and awareness rate of mental health.

[Key words] Rural;Schizophrenia;Awareness rate;Sense of shame

精神分裂症患者在发病状态下精神能力受损，无法理智地作出决策或控制自身行为，容易导致与他人关系破裂，信任丧失，经历被排斥在日常生活工作及休闲活动及亲密关系之外的危机[1]，从而产生病耻感，影响精神病患者的康复。国外研究表明，对精神病掌握知识的多少与正确对待精神病两者之间存在正向关联[2]。故本研究针对社区精神分裂症患者精神卫生知识知晓率与病耻感等相关因素分析，为社区服务采取综合干预措施及策略提供依据与基础资料。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

以新乡县2011年重性精神疾病管理治疗项目救助的107例农村精神分裂症患者为观察对象。患者获得重性精神疾病管理治疗项目救助1年末，由河南省精神病医院防治科负责相关社区卫生服务中心的工作人员具体实施。……