焦霄黎
摘 要 传统教学管理制度下高校人才培养“千校一面、千生一面”的社会适应性出现了危机,学分制教学管理应运而生。本文在界定学分制内涵的基础上,从公共管理类人才培养的社会适应性危机、时代发展的迫切需要、高等教育质量提升的要求几个方面剖析了创新型公共管理类人才培养的必要性,并从公共管理类人才培养方案的构建、教学质量工程的实施、“主辅修制”和“校府工程”的实施、学生学习效果评价方式的改进几个方面构建了学分制下创新型公共管理类人才的培养模式。
关键词 学分制 人才培养模式 创新型人才 公共管理
中图分类号:G642 文献标识码:A
Innovative Public Management Personnel Training
Model Research under Credit System
JIAO Xiaoli
(School of Public Management, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Ji'nan, Shandong 250014)
Abstract Personnel training under the traditional teaching management system "thousand school one side, thousands of students one face" a crisis of social adaptability, credit management model emerged. Based on the definition Credit connotation, social adaptability from a public crisis management talent training, the urgent needs of the times, to enhance the quality of higher education requirements analyzes several aspects need innovative public management personnel training, and the construction of public management talent training program, the implementation of the quality of teaching engineering, "major and minor" and "School House project" in several areas to improve student learning outcomes assessment under way to build a credit innovative public management class talent training mode.
Key words credit system; talent training mode; innovative talents; public management
1 学分制内涵
学分制是人才教育模式的一种,与导师制、班建制统称三大培养模式。所谓学分制,是以选课制为基础,以学分和绩点综合衡量学生学习质和量的一种弹性教学管理制度,逐渐形成“按学年注册、按学分缴费、按学分毕业、按绩点授位”的教学管理模式。①具体来讲,学分制具备以下本质特征:学生自由选课、强调因材施教、实行目标管理、实施弹性学制。②如此,实施学分制有利于激发学生学习的兴趣,提高学生学习的积极性;有利于增强教师的竞争意识,提升教师教学的效果;有利于规范收费制度,缓解贫困生学费难题;有利于整合教育资源,缓解部分学生集中就业压力。可以说,学分制改革在较大程度上可以突破学年制教学的弊端,能够较好地适应社会对多层次、创新型人才的需求。……