姚慧娟等
[摘要] 目的 采用发酵法制备东北山樱桃果酒,利用气相质谱联用法对东北山樱桃果酒中的香气成分进行分析研究。 方法 采用二氯甲烷萃取东北山樱桃果酒中的香气成分,气相毛细管柱色谱法进行分离,质谱检测器进行分析,峰面积归一化法确定香气成分的相对含量,气相色谱-质谱联用技术辅助人工检索来鉴定香气成分的化学成分。 结果 从东北山樱桃果酒中鉴定出11种化学成分,鉴定出的挥发性化学成分占挥发油总量的99.94%,主要成分有乙酸(2.10%)、乙酸乙酯(4.26%)、异戊醇(8.23%)、二乙二醇(58.82%)、苯乙醇(5.98%)、对羟基苯乙醇(1.78%)、棕榈酸(15.48%)、镰叶芹醇(1.27%)。 结论 东北山樱桃果酒中香气成分主要为高级醇类等化合物,还含有少量具有抗癌活性的镰叶芹醇。
[关键词] 山樱桃;果酒;香气成分;气相色谱-质谱法
[中图分类号] R262.7 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2015)02(b)-0103-04
[Abstract] Objective To produce Cerasus tomentosa (Thunb.) Wall. fruit wine by fermentation method and to analyze aroma components constituent in fruit wine of Cerasus tomentosa (Thunb.) Wall. by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Methods Aroma components constituent in fruit wine of Cerasus tomentosa (Thunb.) Wall. were extracted by methylene chloride and were analyzed by capillary GC. The relative content of chemical components were calculated by peak area normalization method, the chemical components were identified by GC-MS. Results Eleven components were identified, the main identified chemical components account for 99.94% of the total volatile components, including Acetic acid glacia (2.10%), Ethyl acetate (4.26%), 3-Methyl-1-butanol (8.23%), Diethylene glycol (58.82%), Phenethyl alcohol (5.98%), 4-Hydroxyphenethyl alcohol (1.78%), Palmitic acid (15.48%), 1, 9-Heptadecadiene-4, 6-diyn-3-ol, (3S, 9Z)-(1.27%). Conclusion The main aroma components constituent in fruit wine of Cerasus tomentosa (Thunb.) Wall. are higheralcohol, and contain some 1, 9-Heptadecadiene-4, 6-diyn-3-ol with anticancer activity.
[Key words] Cerasus tomentosa (Thunb.) Wall.; Fruit wine; Aroma components constituent; Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
樱桃属于蔷薇科落叶乔木果树,果实色味鲜美,营养丰富,含有大量的维生素、钙、铁等微量元素和多种人体所需氨基酸,《本草纲目》记载:“调中,益脾气,令人好颜色,美志。止泄精、水谷痢”,《名医别录》记载:“樱桃的根、茎、枝、叶、果均可入药,性味甘温,有调中益脾之功”。文献研究证明樱桃具有抗心力衰竭、治疗脚气和浮肿、活血通经等功效[1],Araújo等[2]研究证明樱桃果酒具有抗氧化和清除自由基的作用,Toydemir等[3]和Lynn等[4]也证明樱桃中的花色素提苷及苷元具有很强的抗氧化活性和抗感染作用。因此,樱桃具有重要的食用和药用价值。
东北山樱桃Cerasus tomentosa(Thunb.)Wall.又称毛樱桃、山樱桃、野樱桃,属于蔷薇科落叶乔木果树,广泛分布于我国的华北、西北及东北等各地,东北野樱桃具有寿命较长、结果无休闲、果实成熟早、抗逆性强、易于繁殖等特点,是培育大樱桃的好砧木[5]。……