中菲南海仲裁案管辖权与仲裁条件研究

2015-08-15 00:49:11
南洋资料译丛 2015年4期



中菲南海仲裁案管辖权与仲裁条件研究

[韩]金元熙*

*作者为韩国海洋水产开发研究院专职研究员。

摘要:2013年1月菲律宾将与中国的南海争端问题提交国际仲裁,国际社会对此非常关注。目前,根据《联合国海洋法公约》附件七第九条设立的仲裁庭,在中国缺席的情况下,正在进行缺席裁判,但还需确认仲裁法院对该案是否拥有管辖权,以及菲律宾的仲裁条件是否充分。本文将以仲裁法院的管辖权和菲律宾的诉讼条件为中心,对诉讼法方面的问题进行研究。拟阐释中菲南海仲裁对整个南海争端的司法解决和运用《联合国海洋法公约》附件七中的强制性解决争端机制所具有的意义。

关键字:《联合国海洋法公约》附件七;南海;仲裁;管辖权;仲裁条件

一、序言

《联合国海洋法公约》(以下称《公约》)生效之后,沿海(南海)国家为扩大管辖权展开激烈竞争。包括中国、菲律宾在内的6个国家声称对400多个小岛、环礁、暗礁组成的岛礁享有主权和管辖权,并产生争端。①有关南海争端的起源和现状问题参考以下文献:Z. Keyuan, “The Chinese traditional maritime boundary line in the South China Sea and its legal consequences for the resolution of the dispute over the Spratly Islands”, International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law, Vol. 14, No. I (1999), pp. 27-55; Mark J. Valencia et als., Sharing the resources of the South China Sea, University of Hawaii Press, 1999; Z. Keyuan, “South China Sea Studies in China: Achievements, Constraints and Prospects”, Singapore Yearbook of International Law, Vol. 11 (2007), pp. 85-98; 장학봉 외, 남중국해 해양영토 분쟁과 대웅전략 연구,한국해 양수산개 발원 (2010); Aileen S. P. Baviera and Jay Batongbacal, The West Philippine Sea: The Territorial and Maritime Jurisdiction Disputes from a Filipino Perspective (A Primer), The Asian Center and Institute for Maritime Affairs and Law of the Sea, University of the Philippines, 2013; Z. G. Gao and B. B. Jia, “The Nine-Dash Line in the South China Sea: History, Status, and Implications”, American Journal of International Law, Vol. 107 (2013), pp. 98-124; R. Beckman, “The UN Convention on The Law of the Sea and the Maritime Disputes in the South China Sea”, American Journal of International Law, Vol. 107 (2013), pp. 142-163.最近中国根据九段线主张享有相应的管辖权,并为扩大南海诸岛和海洋地形的主权和管辖权而采取积极措施,因此该地区的紧张局势达到高潮,武装冲突的危险性也随之提高。尤其是中国在其占有的小岛和暗礁上单方面大规模建设各种设施和扩建岛礁,引起了周边国家的担忧和反抗。对此南海周边国家多方面探索解决争端的方案。……

登录APP查看全文