循证护理在心血管内科疾病的临床应用探讨

段明洁

[摘要]目的 探讨循证护理在心血管内科疾病治疗中的作用。方法 将该院心血管科收治的300例心血管疾病患者随机分为治疗组和对照组，比较两组的临床疗效，治疗组采取循证护理，对照组进行常规护理，比较两组的临床疗效。结果 两组患者相比较，治疗组患者满意度为97%，对照组满意率为85%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），两组差异显著，两组相比手指缺血，坏死、心律失常、便秘、下肢深静脉血栓、出血和血肿、输液反应发生情况治疗组明显小于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 循证护理在心血管内科疾病治疗中具有显著疗效，提高患者生存质量，值得应用推广。

[关键词]循证护理；常规护理；心血管疾病

[中图分类号]R473.5 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1674-0742（2015）04（b）-0149-03

The Clinical Application of Evidence-based Nursing to Cardiovascular Disease

DUAN Mingjie

Ward 1 of Cardiovascular Department， Shandong Xinwen Mining Group Laiwu Central Hospital， Laiwu， Shandong Province， 271100 China

[Abstract] Objective To discuss the effect of evidence-based nursing in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Methods 300 cases with cardiovascular disease admitted in the Cardiovascular Department of our hospital were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group. The treatment group was given evidence-based nursing and the control group was given conventional nursing. And the clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups. Results The level of satisfaction was 97% in the treatment group， and 85% in the control group， the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The incidence of finger ischemia and necrosis， arrhythmia， constipation， lower-extremity deep venous thrombosis， bleeding and hematoma and infusion reaction in the treatment group was much lower than that in the control group with statistically significant difference（P<0.05）. Conclusion The evidence-based nursing applied to cardiovascular diseases has significant effect， which can improve the quality of life of the patients， so it is worthy of application and promotion.

[Key words] Evidence-based nursing； Conventional nursing； Cardiovascular disease

循证护理（evidence-based nursing，EBN）源于循证医学，是临床护理的实践过程，正确全面地认识患者及其所患疾病，从疑难的临床问题中去寻求和理解最佳证据，然后应用最佳证据联系患者实际，有效地解决问题，并期望取得最佳效果[1]。心血管疾病是多发于中老年人群中的一种常见疾病，该研究在2014年6—8月期间将该院收治的心血管疾病患者给予循证护理，取得良好的临床疗效，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

该院自2014年6—8月共收治心血管患者300例，将所有患者随机分成治疗组和对照组。其中治疗组156例，男80例，女76例，年龄55～70岁，平均年龄（63.9±0.7）岁，病程3～5个月；对照组144例，男75例，女69例，年龄56～72岁，平均年龄（64.5±0.5）岁，病程3～6个月。两组患者经过临床诊断和医学影像学已确诊为高血压、冠心病、心律失常、心律衰竭等疾病，300例患者中，高血压80例，冠心病75例，心律失常76例，心律衰竭69例，有若干患者是几种病合并存在的；300例患者中经桡动脉穿刺介入手术治疗的的患者70例、射频消融术治疗8例，起搏器植入术治疗患者15例，两组患者在性别、年龄、病程等方面差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），具有可比性。