福建三明不同地理种源草珊瑚亲缘关系ISSR分析

邓思珊等

摘要：目的 研究福建草珊瑚基地不同地理種源的草珊瑚遗传多样性，构建亲缘关系图。方法 采用CTAB法提取叶子中DNA，ISSR法对45个种源的草珊瑚样品进行DNA分子水平的分析评价，POPgen32软件计算遗传多样性，建立基因树谱，采用NTSYS软件进行聚类分析。结果 6条ISSR引物共扩增出630条条带，遗传多样性分析表明45个品种平均有效等位基因数为1.620 2，平均Nei's基因多样性指数为0.364 5，平均Shannon信息指数为0.543 2。各位点遗传多样性程度也存在较大差别，Nei's基因多样性指数最大值为0.497 2，最小值为0.1078；Shannon信息指数最大值为0.690 3，最小值为0.219 2。聚类分析结果显示，以45个品种和14个位点的谱带数据为原始矩阵，共获得630个两两不同品种间的遗传相似系数，不同组之间相似系数最大者为1.0，最小者为0.516。结论 福建三明种植的草珊瑚品种间存在丰富的遗传变异，具有丰富品种的分子基础。以0.610为阈值可以把45个不同地理种源的草珊瑚分为6个组。遗传距离与种源地理远近无明显相关。

关键词：草珊瑚；ISSR法；遗传多样性；聚类分析

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2015.09.023

中图分类号：R282.5 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1005-5304（2015）09-0083-04

ISSR Analysis on Genetic Relationship of Fujian Sanming Sarcandra Glabra of Different Geographical Provenances DENG Si-shan1， LIU Hong-xu1， MENG Chun2， LIANG Yi-chi3， XU Rong-qing1， LIN Wen-jin1， ZHANG Ya-min1 （1.Fujian Academy of Medical Sciences， Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Test， Fuzhou 350001， China；2.Fuzhou University， Fuzhou 350108， China；3.Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Fuzhou 350108， China）

Abstract：Objective To study the genetic diversity in Fujian Sanming Sarcandra Glabra from different geographical provenances；To construct genetic relationship diagram. Methods DNA in leaves was extracted by CTAB. Analysis and evaluation of DNA molecular level of 45 samples of different geographical provenances were conducted by ISSR method. POPgen32 software was used to calculate the genetic diversity and establish gene trees. NTSYS software was used to carry out cluster analysis. Results Six ISSR primers amplified 630 bands. Genetic diversity analysis showed that the average effective number of alleles of 45 varieties was 1.620 2；the average Nei's genetic diversity index was 0.364 5；the average Shannon information index was 0.543 2. Each point had different levels of genetic diversity. Nei's genetic diversity index of the maximum value was 0.497 2， and the minimum value was 0.107 8；Maximum Shannon information index was 0.690 3， and the minimum value was 0.219 2. Cluster analysis results showed that 45 varieties and 14 loci band data were the primitive matrix. 630 genetic similarity coefficients between two different species were obtained. The maximum similarity coefficient among different groups was 1.0， and the minimum was 0.516. Conclusion Different varieties of Fujian Sanming Sarcandra Glabra exist abundant genetic variation and has the molecular basis of abundant species. Using 0.610 as the threshold value can divide Sarcandra Glabra from 45 different geographical provenances into 6 groups. The genetic distance and geographical distance was not related.

Key words：Sarcandra Glabra；ISSR；genetic diversity；cluster analysis

草珊瑚为金粟兰科植物草珊瑚Sarcandra glabra （Thunb.） Nakai的全株，具有抗肿瘤、抗菌消炎、抑制流感病毒、促进骨折愈合及镇痛等功效。在保健品、日用品等领域也广泛应用，市场需求旺盛。草珊瑚分布在我国以福建、江西为代表的南方各省。福建三明位于武夷山脉与戴云山脉之间的汇水区，气候温和，雨量充沛，土层深厚，森林覆盖率高，是草珊瑚生长的理想区域。近年来，福建三明草珊瑚已形成产业，成为全国最大的人工草珊瑚种植基地，优质种源四五十种，来自当地及福建、江西、浙江、广东、广西。……