尿毒症性脑病患者危险因素的特点及护理对策

张晓燕四川安县人民医院 安县 622651

尿毒症性脑病患者危险因素的特点及护理对策

张晓燕
四川安县人民医院 安县 622651

目的 分析尿毒症性脑病患者的危险因素及护理对策。 方法 选取我院2011-07—2014-08住院的66例尿毒症性脑病患者为研究对象，按照护理方法 的不同分为实验组和对照组，对照组予以常规护理，实验组在对照组护理的基础上加强对患者的心理护理，分析2组患者危险因素特点，并对比2组患者对护理的满意程度及并发症情况。 结果 2组患者对护理的满意程度、并发症情况比较，实验组均明显优于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；患者年龄、尿毒症原发病、血液透析频率、血液尿素氮、血钙、血红蛋白、甲状旁腺激素及二氧化碳结合力等指标值均为该病的危险因素。 结论 分析尿毒症性脑病患者的危险因素，并采取积极有效的护理干预，有效提高临床治疗效果与护理质量，缓解患者症状，减少并发症的发生。

尿毒症性脑病；危险因素；护理对策

66cases of uremic encephalopathy patients in our hospital from July 2011to August 2014were selected as the research object.According to different nursing methods，these patients were divided into the experimental group and control group.The control group was given routine nursing care，and the experimental group was given the strengthening of psychological nursing care for patients based on the control group.The characteristics of the risk factors of two groups were analyzed.The complications of two groups and patients'satisfaction degree for nursing were compared.Results Comparison of satisfaction of nursing and complications，the experimental group was significantly better than the control group，P＜0.05.The age，primary disease，uremia，hemodialysis，blood urea nitrogen，the frequency of hemoglobin，serum calcium，parathyroid hormone，carbon dioxide combining power and other index values were the risk factors for this disease.Conclusion Analysis of the risk factors for uremic encephalopathy patients，and taking active and effective nursing intervention，can effectively improve the clinical treatment effect and nursing quality，alleviate symptoms，and reduce the occurrence of complications.

【Key words】 Uremic encephalopathy；Risk factors；Nursing countermeasures

尿毒症性脑病（UE）是尿毒症患者出现精神、神经等中枢神经系统方面异常，以神经精神症状为主要临床表现的一种综合征［1］。其发病机制尚不明确，近年来该病发病率有明显的上升趋势［2］。尿毒症性脑病又叫做肾性脑病，严重威胁人们的身体健康与生命安全。早期诊断发现，并采取积极有效治疗措施，可明显改善患者临床症状，降低病死率，因而探究该病的危险因素有着重大的临床意义［3］。我院对66例尿毒症性脑病患者进行危险因素分析及护理对策研究，取得一定成果，现报道如下。……