董亚楠+刘锦瑞+高友军+郭志慧+孙丽霞+王文丽

摘要:本文论述了国内外纺织品色牢度彩色标准织物研究现状及意义,并以耐摩擦色牢度为例,论述了纺织品色牢度彩色标准织物的几个用途:可用于摩擦测试仪器的校验确认;用于摩擦过程中操作规范性的校验确认;降低人工评级难度、提高评级准确度;作为评级仪器评级结果的基准;用于生产企业的质量控制;用于检测实验室的质量控制等,从而提出了纺织品色牢度彩色标准织物开发的必要性及迫切性。
关键词:纺织品;色牢度;彩色标准织物;摩擦
中图分类号:TS197 文献标志码:A
Present Situation and Significance of Research on Fabric Specimen for Textile Color Fastness Test at Home and Abroad
Abstract: This paper discussed the present situation and significance of research on fabric specimen for textile color fastness test at home and abroad. Taking rubbing fastness as the example, this paper discussed several uses of color standard fabrics, for example, they can be used for the calibration and verification of the testing equipment; for checking and verifying whether the operation is standard during the rubbing test; for reducing the degree of difficulty of artificial rating and improving the rating accuracy; used as a reference for instrument rating; used for the quality control of production enterprises; used for quality control of testing laboratory, etc., thus demonstrating the necessity and urgency of developing color fabric specimen for textile color fastness test.
Key words: textiles; color fastness; color fabric specimen; rubbing
纺织品色牢度是评价纺织品内在质量、安全性能、使用性能的重要指标之一,因此色牢度在纺织品的生产质量控制和成品检验方面尤其重要。目前色牢度评级方法包括目测法和仪器法,由于仪器评级会受到样品形状、表面形态等限制,多年来并未广泛推广;传统的色牢度评级一直沿用目测法,检验员通过对试样色泽变化的目测,将彩色的样品变化转换成灰度差别,再同标准灰卡进行比较,经过综合分析之后得出评定结果。纺织品色牢度的检测,受很多方面的因素影响,包括检验人员对试样的处理、评级人员的技术水平、评级环境条件的选择、评定过程的分析、评级的顺序以及检验人员的自身状态等,与检验人员的经验有着很大的关系。在这一过程中,检测人员将彩色转换成灰色进行评级,由于直观性太差,存在着一定误区与风险,尤其是对于刚开始学习的检验员。……