张怡+饶建强+陈吉清



摘 要:针对某皮卡车行驶过程中振动噪声过大的问题,基于悬置系统隔振理论,建立了动力总成悬置系统动力学仿真分析模型,对该车型动力总成悬置系统的模态、刚度、阻尼等影响悬置系统隔振效果的关键参数进行分析,在此基础上将悬置块刚度作为设计变量进行优化设计。通过试验测试,对比优化前后动力总成悬置系统的隔振率和驾驶室噪声。结果表明,改进后悬置系统隔振率有了明显上升,车内噪声值有所降低,整车的噪声、振动与声振粗糙度(Noise,Vibration,Harshness,NVH)品质得到提高。
关键词:汽车动力总成;隔振;悬置系统;优化
中图分类号: U461.4文献标文献标识码:A文献标DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1469.2016.03.05
Abstract:To solve the problem of excessive vibration/noise during the driving of a pickup, a dynamic simulation analysis model was established based on the vibration isolation theory for suspension systems. The key vibration parameters such as modal parameters, stiffness and damping of the mounting system were analyzed, and the optimization result was obtained by setting the mounting block stiffness as design variable. The vibration isolation ratio of the powertrain mounting system and cab noise were measured and compared before and after optimization. The results show that after the design modification, the vibration isolation ratio increases significantly, the cab noise is lower, and the NVH quality is improved.
Keywords:automobile power assembly; vibration isolation; mounting system; optimization
汽车在行驶过程中产生噪声与振动,直接影响操控性和人体乘坐的舒适性。分析其来源主要有两个方面:一是由于路面凹凸不平产生的激励通过悬架系统作用于车身,二是自身发动机运转过程中,由于运动件的循环往复惯性力产生的周期性激励,一旦该激励与系统某一固有频率一致则会产生共振,使整车振动加剧,产生极大的噪声。近年来随着路面质量的改善和汽车悬架系统设计水平的提高,前者对整车NVH性能的影响越来越小,因此发动机自身的激励在导致汽车振动中所起的作用则更加凸显。要想使整车具备良好的乘坐舒适性,必须有效控制发动机振动的传递[1]。发动机及路面激励通过悬置系统传递到车身,因此悬置系统隔振性能的优劣直接影响整车的振动水平和人体舒适性。……