自我管理项目在恶性血液病患者PICC居家自我护理中的应用探讨

华银玲河南省南阳市中心医院血液科，河南南阳　473009

自我管理项目在恶性血液病患者PICC居家自我护理中的应用探讨

华银玲
河南省南阳市中心医院血液科，河南南阳473009

目的 探讨恶性血液病 外周静脉置入中心静脉导管 患者接受自我管理项目干预在其居家自我护理中的应用效果。方法 两组均行PICC并于化疗间歇停止住院返回家中，对照组仅给予针对家庭常规宣教干预；研究组在常规宣教基础上增加自我管理干预措施。记录两组恶性血液病患者干预前后自我护理能力变化情况、PICC相关不良反应发生情况。结果 两组干预前具有并无显著差异的自我护理能力（P＞0.05）；经不同干预后两组ESCA量表评分均较之前有所提高，研究组ESCA量表评分改善效果更优（P＜0.05）；研究组PICC相关不良反应发生率仅为8.89%，对照组则具有高达28.89%的PICC不良反应发生率（P＜0.05）。结论 对恶性血液病患者给予针对性的自我管理项目干预措施可显著提高其居家自我护理能力，有利于保障PICC使用安全性及患者预后效果。

恶性血液病；外周静脉置入中心静脉导管；居家自我护理；自我管理；应用效果

［Abstract］Objective To study the application effect of hematologic malignancy peripherally inserted central catheter patients receiving self-management program intervention in the home self-nursing.Methods Both groups received PICC，and returned home instead of hospitalization during the chemotherapy，the control group were given family routine education intervention，the research group increased self-management intervention measures on the basis of the control group，and the self-nursing ability change and occurrence of PICC relevant adverse reaction of the two groups before and after intervention were recorded.Results There was no obvious difference in the self-nursing ability between the two groups before intervention（P＞0.05），after different interventions，the ESCA scale scores of the two groups were improved，and the ESCA scale score improvement effect in the research group was better（P＜0.05），the incidence rate of PICC relevant adverse reaction in the research group was only 8.89%and 28.89%in the control group，and the difference had statistical significance（P＜0.05）.Conclusion The targeted self-management program intervention measures for patient with hematologic malignancy can obviously improve the home self-nursing ability，which is conducive to ensuring the use safety of PICC and prognosis effect.

［Key words］Hematologic malignancy；Peripherally inserted central catheter；Self-management；Self-care at hone；Application effect

恶性血液病是临床常见及多发的严重疾病，患者大多需经化学药物治疗［1］。该文为提高恶性血液病疗效及预后，特于2015年1—12月期间选取该院门诊接受化疗的恶性血液病患者作为该研究对象（n=90），探讨恶性血液病外周静脉置入中心静脉导管患者接受自我管理项目干预在其居家自我护理中的应用效果，现报道如下。……