黄可莹
摘 要 泰国东部水果市场长期存在供过于求的问题,造成水果价格不断降低、大批滞销水果丢弃,虽然政府实施价格干预政策,但仍无法解决这些问题。近年来,由于中国市场的大量购买需求,泰国东部的水果大量出口到中国,使该问题得以解决,泰国水果种植农民及水果商人也随之富裕起来。但需要注意的是,随着中国水果中间商直接向泰国农民收购水果的情况逐步扩大,这种发展在未来可能给泰国带来很大风险。本文针对泰国东部水果出口中国的情况进行分析,并揭示其中隐藏的风险。
关键词 水果市场 ;泰国水果 ;中间商
中图分类号 F753 文献标志码 A Doi:10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2016.11.024
Abstract In the Eastern of Thailand has encountered a problem of fruit oversupply for a long time. It made fruit price continuously drops. Oversupply portion will always be disposed. Though the Thai government uses the price intervention policy, it's still difficult to solve the problem. However, in the recent years there is a huge demand from China market, the fruits produced in the Eastern of Thailand have been exported to China. The problem has been solved by the demand. Thai farmers and middlemen gain good revenue constantly. Yet, there is also a concern of future risks to Thailand that resulted from a rapidly growth of a direct business or trade between Chinese and Thai fruit farmers. The expansion of the direct business will cause big risks to Thailand in the future. This journal will analyze the Thai fruits export to China situation and prove the risks hidden behind the situation.
Keywords fruit market ; thai fruits ; middlemen
泰国的主要水果产地集中在东部,但每年泰国东部的水果市场几乎都存在供过于求的问题。水果价格持续降低,导致泰国政府不得不采取价格干预政策,但却无法从根本上解决这些问题,从而导致了农民抗议、封闭道路、以及大批水果腐烂丢弃的情况发生,给泰国政府造成很大的压力[1]。这已经成为泰国政府多年以来的重大难题之一。
随着一部分泰国东部达叻的私营单位到中国昆明和广州进行产品路演,吸引了中国商人购买泰国的水果,并且购买量逐渐增加[2]。初步打开中国市场后,泰国的水果出口商直接或间接地收到中国商人的订购,随着水果质量的不断提高,逐渐符合出口标准,因此吸引了更多中国商人来到泰国东部购买水果产品[3]。中国商人拥有充足的资金,但由于信息、语言等限制难以直接与泰国当地农民沟通进行水果购买,通常需要通过泰国中间商或进行授权,由泰国中间商代理购买泰国水果产品。……