郑守贵 李春红 邓红军
摘要:2016年对鲜食类型甘薯[Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burkill]品种(系)进行多点品种比较试验。结果表明,三峡红心王新品系在7个试验点的平均单产为44 871 kg/hm2,最长蔓长平均为221 cm,单株分枝数为7.5个,茎粗为7.3 mm,叶心形,顶叶淡绿色,叶绿色,叶脉紫色,茎绿色,薯形纺锤形,薯皮红色,薯肉橘红色,结薯集中整齐,单株结薯数为5.1个,大薯率为32.6%,中薯率为40.3%,小薯率为27.0%,食味83分,烘干率为20.37%,淀粉含量为12.18%,粗蛋白质含量为0.89%,还原糖含量为2.14%,可溶性糖含量为4.82%。
关键词:甘薯[Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burkill];三峡红心王新品系;品比试验
中图分类号:S531 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2017)11-2020-05
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.11.005
Abstract: Variety comparative test of new varieties (lines) of fresh-eating sweet potato [Dioscoreaesculenta(Lour.) Burkill] in different points was carried out in 2016. The results showed that the average yield of the new line of Sanxia-hongxinwang in 7 experimental points was 44 871 kg/hm2, the longest pod length was 221 cm, the number of lateral branches was 7.5, and the stem diameter was 7.3 cm. This line has the heart-shaped leaves, light green parietal lobe, green leaves, purple vein, green stems, spindle potato shape, red potato skin, jacinth sarcocarp and characters of fruiting is tidiness and consistent. The line with 5.1 tubers per hill, and the rates of large tuber, medium tuber and small tuber of this line were 32.6%, 40.3% and 27.0% respectively. In addition, taste score of the line was 83, dry matter content was 20.37%, starch content was 12.18%, protein content was 0.89%, reducing sugar content was 2.14%, and soluble sugar content was 4.82%.
Key words: sweet potato[Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burkill]; new line Sanxia-hongxinwang; variety comparison test
三峽红心王是湖北省宜昌市、荆门市、荆州市等地农民对长期种植的一种甘薯[Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burkill]地方品种的俗称,具有红皮红肉、水分适中、耐贮藏、爽脆、无渣、甜度和面筋度适口等显著特点, 在全国大中城市鲜食薯块中市场占有率较高。
单株选择法简便易行,收效较快,是人们最常用的选育良种的有效方法之一[1]。2013年11月4-6日在当阳市玉泉办事处百宝赛村、当阳市聚鑫薯业专业合作社从田间采收甘薯三峡红心王秋茎,于当地鲜食甘薯贮藏专用山洞内贮藏越冬,2014年2月21日从山洞出库后将甘薯秋茎扦插到位于夷陵区分乡镇普溪河村3组蔬菜基地的钢架塑料大棚内栽培,8月15日收获时发现秋茎扦插优势植株中有一个薯块高17 cm、宽20 cm、重2 500 g的单株,将其保存至11月19日再次入洞越冬贮藏,应用这个甘薯块于2015年2月育苗繁殖而成的后代称为三峡红心王新品系。为了鉴定新品系的特征特性、丰产性、适应性、抗逆性及利用价值,2016年组织各地进行多点品种比较试验。……