贾洛羊屠宰性能、肌肉品质及其营养成分研究

2017-07-13 00:23:50陈勇王泰陆勇
湖北农业科学 2017年11期

陈勇 王泰 陆勇

摘要:为了解贾洛羊的屠宰性能、肌肉品质及其肌肉营养成分等,屠宰了12、24月龄的贾洛羊羯羊各7只,测定了其屠宰性能、肌肉品质及肌肉营养成分等。试验结果表明,12、24月龄贾洛羊的屠宰率分别为(42.06±0.06)%和(47.12±0.08)%,胴体产肉率分别为(72.31±3.31)%和(76.21±4.72)%;24月龄羯羊肌肉的眼肌面积、剪切力、脂肪和干物质等指标含量显著高于12月龄(P<0.05),水分含量显著低于12月龄(P<0.05),而熟肉率、pH、失水率,灰分、蛋白质和胆固醇含量等保持一致;12、24月龄贾洛羊肌肉中EAA/TAA分别为(38.66±2.55)%和(39.27±2.91)%,EAA/NEAA分别为(63.02±3.78)%和(64.66±4.78)%,而且富含氨基酸及矿物质等,是一种高蛋白质、低胆固醇及绿色无污染的食品。

关键词:贾洛羊;屠宰性能;肌肉品质;氨基酸;胆固醇

中图分类号:S826.9+2;TS251.5+3 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2017)11-2096-04

DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.11.026

Abstract: The characters of slaughter performance, mucle quality and nutrient composition with slaughtering 12-month and 24-month wethers of Jialuo sheep were determinated in order to acquire with its characteristics. The results show that, the slaughtering rate of 12-month and 24-month wethers were (42.06±0.06)% and (47.12±0.08)% respectively, and the carcass meat rate were (72.31±3.31)% and (76.21±4.72)%; Longissimus dorsi muscle area, shearing force, fat content and dry matter of the 24-month wethers musle were higher than 12-month, however, water content was lower than 12-month, protein content, pH, cholesterol, cooked meat percentage, water-holding capacity and ash content could be consistent with 12-month; It was a high protein, low cholesterol, green,and pollution-free food that the muscle of 12 and 24-month were rich in minerals and amino acids which EAA/TAA were (38.66±2.55)% and (39.27±2.91)%,and EAA/NEAA were (63.02±3.78)% and (64.66±4.78)%, respectively.

Key words: Jialuo sheep; slaughtering performance; muscle quality; amino acids; cholesterol

賈洛羊是西藏羊的一个地方类群,主产于四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州阿坝县西北部的贾洛镇及附近乡镇,邻近的红原县、若尔盖县及甘肃的玛曲县等均有分布。该类群长期处于一个地理封闭的位置,几乎不受外来血缘的影响,但在该类群形成的过程中,可能引入了野生盘羊的血缘,逐步形成了体型大、产肉多、肉鲜嫩、抗病力强、生长发育快、适应性强等特点的一个西藏羊地方优良类群[1]。

近年来,一些研究者以贾洛羊为材料进行了一系列的研究[2-8],取得了一定的成果。但贾洛羊生活于海拔3 300 m以上的高海拔、低气压、少氧量、寒冷和冬春季严重缺草的恶劣环境中,因而,对贾洛羊这一资源群体的研究总体相对较少,要全面了解贾洛羊的种质资源特性,研究的深度与广度还有待持续加强。为此,试验以12、24月龄的贾洛羊羯羊为研究对象,测定了其屠宰性能、肌肉肉质特性及肌肉的营养成分等,以期为贾洛羊这一资源群体的开发与利用提供科学依据。……

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