维药阿育魏果中总黄酮提取工艺及含量测定

木艾塔尔?努尔麦麦提 夏木西努尔?艾克拜尔 太力艾提?吐尔洪 刘永刚

摘要 [目的]探讨阿育魏果中总黄酮的提取方法及含量测定方法。[方法]采用正交试验，以提取的总黄酮的含量为评价指标，紫外可见分光光度法测定总黄酮含量。[结果]超声法提取阿育魏果中总黄酮的含量为10.378%，相对标准偏差为2.38%（n=3）。最优工艺如下：时间为15 min，功率为150 W，料液比为1∶20，乙醇浓度为70%。上述4个因素对阿育魏果中总黄酮提取率的影响从大到小依次为乙醇浓度、料液比、超声功率和超声时间。[结论]超声提取阿育魏果中总黄酮快速且高效；紫外外分光光度法准确度较高，偏差较小。

关键词 阿育魏果；总黄酮；正交试验；紫外可见分光光度法；超声提取

Determination of Extraction Process of Total Flavonoids in Seed of Trachyspermum ammi （L.） Sprague of Uyghur Crude Drug

MUAITAER·Nuermaimaiti1，XIAMUXINUER·Aikebaier1，TAILIAITI·Tuerhong1，LIU Yong-gang2* （1. College of Xinjiang Uyghur Medicine，Hetian，Xinjiang 848000；2. Beijing University of Chinese Medicine，Beijing 100102）

Abstract [Objective] The aim was to study the methods of extraction and determination of total flavonoids in seed of Trachyspermum ammi （L.） Sprague. [Method] Through orthogonal experiments and taking total flavonoids extracted as the evaluation index，UV-Vis spectrophotometry method was used to determine the optimum technological conditions of total flavonoids extraction in seed of Trachyspermum ammi （L.） Sprague. [Result] The total flavonoids content measured in seed of Trachyspermum ammi （L.） Sprague was 10.378%，and the relative standard deviation was 2.38% （n=3）. The best ultrasonic extraction technology of total flavonoids was as followed：the ultrasonic time was 15 min； the ultrasonic power was 150 W； the solid-liquid ratio was 1∶20； and the concentration of ethanol was 70%. The effects of the four factors was in order of ethanol concentration，solid-liquid ratio，ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time. [Conclusion] The ultrasonic extraction techniques of total flavonoids from seed of Trachyspermum ammi （L.） Sprague are quick and efficien. The UV-Vis spectrophotometry method is accurate and reliable.

Key words Seed of Trachyspermum ammi （L.） Sprague；Total flavonoids；Orthogonal experiments；UV-Vis spectrophotometry method；Ultrasonic extraction

阿育魏果，维吾尔语称“Juwine”，音译为“居维纳”，汉语通用名为“阿育魏果”，为伞形科植物细叶糙果芹[Trachyspermum ammi （L.）Sprague.]的成熟果实[1-2]。阿育魏果作为维吾尔常用药材，被收录于《卫生部药品标准：维吾尔要分册》[3]。阿育魏果中总黄酮具有体外抗氧化活性，因此可作为新型天然抗氧化物质的来源[4]。阿育魏果总黄酮抗氧化活性研究已见报道[4]，但未见总黄酮含量测定的相关报道。超声提取技术在医药、化学等各领域，尤其在药材成分提取中作用日益重要[5]。笔者采用超声波提取法和正交试验，以芦丁为对照品，通过紫外分光光度法对阿育魏果中总黄酮提取进行了优化，旨在为阿育魏果的质量标准研究及开发利用提供参考。

1 材料与方法

1.1 材料 阿育魏果购自新疆和田，由木艾塔尔·努尔麦麦提鉴定；……