王定林陈 丽蔡 艳何 勇何 花
(1. 砚山县蔬菜研究所, 云南文山 663100; 2. 砚山县农技推广中心, 云南文山 663100;3. 砚山县土壤肥料工作站, 云南文山 663100; 4.砚山县农产品质量安全监管站,云南文山 663100)
砚山县干制辣椒高产栽培集成技术试验及推广应用
王定林1陈 丽1蔡 艳2何 勇3何 花4
(1. 砚山县蔬菜研究所, 云南文山 663100; 2. 砚山县农技推广中心, 云南文山 663100;3. 砚山县土壤肥料工作站, 云南文山 663100; 4.砚山县农产品质量安全监管站,云南文山 663100)
为配合干制辣椒新品种、新组合在砚山的推广应用,针对当地生产实际,对干制辣椒的种子处理、育苗方式、双株密植、配方施肥、辣椒+玉米间作等配套高产栽培技术进行了相关试验。结果表明,干制辣椒种子经种子吸湿-回干处理,小拱棚育苗,采用旱膜集雨、双株栽培及辣椒 + 玉米间作方式,并按每667 m2施用氮12.00 kg、磷3.87 kg、钾12.36 kg进行配方施肥,其辣椒种植产量高,效益好。
干制辣椒;种子处理;育苗技术;双株密植;配方施肥;砚山
AbstractWith the application of new drying-purpose hot pepper varieties and combinations in Yanshan, this study was conducted on hot pepper high-yield cultivation techniques such as seed treatment, seedling, planting, fertilization, and hot pepper and maize intercropping, according to local actual production. The results show that the integrated cultivation of drying-purpose hot pepper for high yield and good benefts included treating the seed by seed hydration to dehydration, growing seedlings in small arch shed, using drought mulch flm for rain water harvesting, two-seedling close planting and the pepper + maize intercropping system, and applying 180 kg N per hm2, 58.05 kg P per hm2and 184.5 kg K per hm2by formula fertilization.
Key wordsdrying-purpose hot pepper; seed treatment; seedling technique; two-seedling close planting; formula fertilization; Yanshan
砚山县位于文山壮族苗族自治州中西北部,耕地面积约3.22万hm2;属亚热带季风气候,大部分地区海拔处于1 400 ~ 1 600 m之间,年平均温度16℃,全县≥10℃年积温为4 500 ~ 5 400℃;年平均降雨量为1 012.5 mm;全年无霜期250 ~ 320 d,总日照时数为1 900 ~ 2 000 h,具有冬远严寒、夏无酷暑、春暖秋凉、四季温和的特点,极其适宜辣椒的生长。至“十二五”期间,辣椒已经发展成砚山县种植面积最大、覆盖农户最广、促进农民增收最为显著的一大经济作物。
目前,随着辣椒市场需求迅猛扩大以及出口原料总量的不断攀升,对辣椒商品的“质”和“量”提出了更高要求。……