喂养指导联合吞咽功能训练对脑卒中吞咽困难患者吞咽功能恢复及生存质量的影响

庞永艳　简爱华　郑燕兰

[摘要] 目的 研究喂养指导联合吞咽功能训练对脑卒中吞咽困难患者吞咽功能恢复及生存质量的影响。 方法 选取我院最近1年内科收治的72例脑卒中吞咽困难患者实施电脑随机临床分组，将其分为Y组和D组各36例，D组患者行常规脑卒中吞咽功能困难喂养指导，Y组在D组的基础上联合行吞咽功能训练。 结果 Y组脑卒中吞咽困难患者吞咽功能等级评价明显优于D组，组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；两组脑卒中吞咽困难患者生存质量评价Y组明显高于D组，组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 针对脑卒中吞咽困难患者实施喂养指导联合吞咽功能训练对其吞咽功能恢复和生存质量提升具有改善效果，且显著，具有临床内科护理治疗实践价值和意义。

[关键词] 脑卒中；吞咽困难；吞咽功能恢复；喂养指导；吞咽功能训练

[中图分类号] R473.74 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-0616（2017）15-236-03

[Abstract] Objective To study the effect of feeding guidance combined with swallowing training on swallowing function recovery and quality of life in patients with dysphagia after stroke. Methods in our hospital in recent 1 years， a total of 72 cases of stroke patients with swallowing difficulties in the implementation of computer were randomly divided into Y group and D group with 36 cases in each group. Patients in D group were treated with conventional stroke swallowing difficulty feeding guidance， and patients in Y group combined with swallowing function training for training on the basis of D group. Results The stroke patients with swallowing function evaluation of Y group was better than that of D group， which had significant differences between the group （P<0.05）. The dysphagia evaluation of the quality of life of patients in Y group were significantly higher than those of D group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion For patients with dysphagia nursing guidance， combination of swallowing function training on the recovery of swallowing function and quality of life has improved significantly and enhance the effect. It has the value and significance of clinical nursing practice.

[Key words] Stroke； Dysphagia； Swallowing function recovery； Feeding instruction； Swallowing function training

近幾年随着临床治疗技术和治疗方案的逐渐完善，针对脑卒中吞咽困难患者吞咽功能恢复及生存质量改善的措施起到了至关重要的作用，且形式也越发多样化[1]。因此，针对不同治疗方式恢复脑卒中吞咽困难患者吞咽功能及生存质量的研究也越来越多[2]。本次论文研究的过程中主要从喂养指导联合吞咽功能训练方法入手，对比研究对脑卒中吞咽困难患者吞咽功能恢复及生存质量的影响。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

针对本次研究的研究内容，在医院内科选取在2015年9月～2016年9月收治的72例脑卒中吞咽困难患者实施临床研究。针对入选患者实施电脑随机临床分组，将其分为Y组和D组各36例，Y组为研究组，其中男19例，女17例，其年龄范围在45～72岁，平均年龄（59.35±2.02）岁；D组为对照组，其中男17例，女19例，其年龄范围在41～70岁，平均年龄（58.62±3.05）岁。经医院医学伦理委员会批准，参与研究者知情同意。……