南昌市电磁辐射环境现状与评价

王晓云 齐华月 陈志平

(核工业二七〇研究所，江西 南昌 330200)

南昌市电磁辐射环境现状与评价

王晓云 齐华月 陈志平

(核工业二七〇研究所，江西 南昌 330200)

以南昌市东湖区为研究区，用PMM8053B电磁辐射分析仪对研究区内155个监测点的电磁辐射环境进行监测；应用统计学和风险概率计算法对研究区电磁辐射环境进行分析和评价，探讨该区域电磁辐射分布规律、来源及污染水平，并在此基础上探讨电磁污染风险概率。结果表明：研究区射频电场强度及功率密度、工频电场强度及磁感应强度均低于《电磁环境控制限值》(GB8702—2014)规定的限值，电磁辐射环境污染风险概率几乎为0；昼、夜射频电场强度与基站使用程度有关，昼、夜工频电场强度和磁感应强度主要与变电站及高压线布设相关；由于公众活动高峰时段不一致，导致同一点位昼、夜电磁辐射水平也有差异；若电磁辐射以年均8%的速度递增，研究区电磁辐射水平将在57.07a后超过GB8702—2014的限值。

电磁辐射环境 射频电场 工频电场 工频磁感应强度 风险分析

Abstract: Focusing on Donghu Nanchang, this paper monitored the electromagnetic radiation environment of 155 sites using PMM8053B electromagnetic radiation analyzer. The paper explored the probability of electromagnetic pollution risk by statistics and risk probability calculation method to evaluate the electromagnetic radiation environment in the study area. Specifically,the electromagnetic radiation distribution,source and pollution level were discussed. The results showed that the intensity and power density of radio frequency electric field as well as intensity and magnetic induction density of power frequency electric field were all lower than the stipulated value in “Electromagnetic environment control limits” (GB 8702-2014). The probability of environmental pollution risk caused by electromagnetic radiation tended to 0. The radio frequency electric field intensity of day and night was correlated with the use of base stations. The intensity and magnetic induction density of power frequency electric field were mainly related to the layout of substations and high voltage lines. The level of electromagnetic radiation at the same point varied due to different peak hours of public activities. The study area’s level of electromagnetic radiation would exceed the stipulated value after 57.07 years if the electromagnetic radiation increased at an average annual rate of 8%.

Keywords: electromagnetic radiation environment; radio frequency electric field; power frequency electric field; power frequency magnetic induction intensity; risk analysis

随着电磁技术广泛应用，城市电磁污染问题逐渐受到人们关注。近年来，国内外学者对此做了大量研究。据报道，如果人体长期暴露在超过安全的辐射剂量环境中，体内细胞会被大面积杀伤或杀死并出现病态表现[1-7]。从流行病学的角度来讲，电磁辐射可对人体各系统产生损伤效应，另外电磁辐射会造成广播、电视及自动控制信号失误、干扰医疗器械及病人心脏起搏器等，从而带来巨大经济损失[8]。……