Abstracts of Papers in This Issue

According to Langacker, the use of language is a process of conceptualization. A conventional unit coding state of affairs should be first lexicalized and then grounded into the discourse. After that it should be assembled and sanctioned in order to reach the gestalt requirement in language use. In this paper, Langacker’s cognitive theory has been briefly summarized in the ana-lysis of the formation of the wordhots. The English wordhotis traditionally used as an adjective but in the illustration it is grounded into the discourse as an atemporal relation and then it is nominalized, assembled as an independent element before it is actualized into a plural noun from an adjective.

The concept word “память” is one of the constant concepts in the Russian cultural space and an important factor in determining the features of mentality of Russian people. Based on the theory of the picture of the language world as well as the theory of the concept, the paper comprehensively applies the method of conceptual analysis in Cognitive Linguistics and Cultural Linguistics, making a multidimensional study of the concept word “память” from four aspects: etymology and paraphrasing, the structure of the conceptual field, associative meaning and cultural values. It is believed that the concept of “память” is the root of Russian national culture and plays a key role in shaping the menta-lity of Russian people.

Focused on the speech made by Ivanka Trump on the Republican National Convention in July 2016, it is proved that the addresser, Ivanka, constructs the identification from “father” to “president” in the mass of supporters and general voters via the ambiguity between “father” and “president”, which guarantees the “rhetorical fantasy” of Donald Trump as the best for the presidency. Meanwhile, it is also illustrated that “rhetorical imagination” of general voters is gratified via the conceptual metaphor MAKING AMERICA GREAT IS BUILDING A NEW CONSTRUCTION, which reconstructs “Symbolic Reality” in voters’ minds.

It has always been a hot topic for the locative inversion construction (LIC) in linguistics research circles. This paper, based on Kuwabara (1995) and Nakajima (1993, 2001), attempts to inquire two questions: the syntactic derivation of LIC on the one hand, and verb types on the other hand. Comparing LIC in Japanese and English, it argues that verbs in the LIC take unaccusative property and this supports the claim that there are two unaccusative verbs with unphonetical realization. It further proposes the syntactic generation of LIC. The null heads BE and COME in Japanese LIC correspond to the suffix -iru and -kuru, respectively. The suffix types have a close connection with the preposed PP type. It distinguishes the partial relation from locative relation of LIC as well.

Newbeiconstruction, one of the frequently-used linguistic patterns on the internet or in the newspaper, embodies the helplessness and the weakness of the patient. This study shows that the generation of newbeiconstruction is closely associated with the consciousness doublet struc-ture of the language user. Under the guidance of intentionality, he firstly transforms the ontological structure of the event into the descriptive structure of the usage event, forming the image of newbeiconstruction. Then he encodes the image-shaped pre-linguistic usage event in the mind and fossilizes it into linguistic symbols. Thus the linguistic usage event of newbeiconstruction has been generated. What’s more, the mental evaluation of the language user plays an essential role in the image shaping process.

According to anthropologists, magic is considered as a system of natural laws and a magic power given to human by nature as well. This power is misused by human as an effective tool to meet their desires. Prospero, King of Milan, is such a person who, by way of magic, reclaims his kingship, punishes conspirators and sticks up for his sacred kingship through empowering and sanctifying his power by way of magic. ThusTheTempestevoked by magic is a successful play of human desires disguised by divinity.

Body regulation is an important component in narrative of Daniel Defoe’s novels. Based on patriarchal gender politics, Defoe constructs narrative on bodies to display two types of individual experiences. In the male narration ofRobinsonCrusoe, the male body is hidden in narrative and the focus of narrative is on the inner power of male body and his regulating practice on other objective bodies in the patriarchal field, with male experience as a subject. In the female narrations ofMollFlandersandRoxana, the female bodies are narrated directly to demonstrate the male vision and the commercialization regulation of female bodies, with female experience as an object. Through this kind of gendered body narrative， Daniel Defoe reveals the regulation system upon body by patriarchal culture in British patriarchal social field in the 18thcentury.

In his novelTheEndoftheBandits’Lair, Kaverin finally completes the shaping of “new clas-sics” by replacing the inner view of reality without changing the traditional mode of criminal novels. The paradigm which he established has been taken as an example more than once by those Russian contemporary writers, who bear the burden of reviving fiction after 1921. Meanwhile, realism, as an effective way to coordinate the relationship between individual and the world around him, has again come into sight and gradually become “a phenomenon constantly on the move”. By means of analyzing three variants of realism inTheEndoftheBandits’Lair, this paper reveals in what way Kaverin cut off the inner relationship between popular crime novels and traditional realistic novels and achieved the maximization on both levels of connotation and huma-nism. The study of the problem not only helps to recognize the general obstacles faced by contemporary writers in the process of creating “new classics”, but more importantly, provides an unrevealed “view of reality”, by which the relationship between human and the world around him is expected to be reinterpreted.

TheWomanintheDunesis the classic of the Japanese existentialist writer, Kobo Abe. The novel holds the characteristics of spatial narrative and it creates the real space—the metro-polis and the surreal space—bunkers with the techniques such as the collage, the flashback, the retrospection, and dialogue across time and space, which has shown a kind of space similar to the Moebius strip. At the same time, it displays the leading character’s psychological space with free indirect speech and perspective shift. Through the reflection and transcendence of the psycholo-gical space to the earthly space, the theme of absurdity and happiness, existence and freedom of the novel is deepened.

With the development of globalization, English has been regarded as a tool by universities and colleges in China. More and more practical English majors and courses come into existence. With humanistic feature, English and American Literature gradually tends to be marginalized, which poses severe challenges to the curriculum structure and teaching models. Facing the dilemma of boring teaching materials, limited teaching methods and out-of-date teaching equipment, the paper intends to explore teaching models which are suitable to the English majors by combining Psychoanalytic Theory with literature, in order to eradicate problems and obstacles during the course of teaching.

This paper, based on Dr. Shao Bin’s relevant studies between 2010 and 2011, focuses on the applicability of manipulation theory and intertextuality theory to explain poetry translation variation, and points out the inadequacy of his studies. The authors argue that intertextuality theory is more applicable to poetry translation variation than manipulation theory. Based on intertextuality in a broad sense (ideology and poetics), manipulation theory can explain rewriting in poetry translation variation. However, when the theme of a poem is against the ideology and poetics of the target language, changing the theme intentionally will break the basic requirement of poetry translation variation. The intertextuality between texts in a narrow sense in the source language and the target language can explain transmission of the theme of the original text, while the intertextuality between target language texts in a broad sense can explain rewriting in poetry translation variation.

Television drama is a popular mass culture. Subtitled domestic television drama has become an effective way for foreign viewers to get to know Chinese culture. Taking the subtitling ofALegendofZhenhuanas an example, this paper attempts to explore the subtitling strategies for culturally-loaded terms from the perspective of discourse communication power. It has been found that interpretation helps bridge the culturally semantic gap by adding certain description loan translation stresses cultural intertextuality by borrowing familiar objects or similar incidents from the target culture and simplification helps save screen space, yet may result in the loss of language artistry. Subtitle translators should have a keen awareness of the target audience and use multiple strategies, in order to lift the discourse communication power of the television drama.

This paper intends to probe into student translators’ long sentence translating process from a pragmatic perspective of Relevance-Adjustability Theoretic Approach. It focuses on a cross-cultural communication between the student translators, the original author and the target readers. The thesis builds an undergraduate corpus based on 123 copies of student renderings ofThePosteverythingGenerationin the 27thHan Suyin’s Award for Young Translators. Through some research methodologies, such as theoretical deduction and corpus-based example analysis, it observesvariableness, mediation and adjustability in the student translators’ translating process. Besides, the paper,by tracing back their mental workings, explorestheir motivations behind their target linguistic choices in the translating process, thus compensating for previous re-searches which failed to focus on students’ translation mode of thinking.

Goldbaltt’s translation strategy has two basic characteristics. One is not to place domestication and foreignization, literal translation and free translation in binary opposition. Instead, he chooses a flexible coordinated methodology of translation based on the specific text. The other is to rationally rewrite the translated text in line with the storyline. In the translation practice, Goldbaltt performs a positive operation to reasonably handle pragmatics manipulation factors in and beyond the texts, such as poetical and cultural differences between two languages systems, image vacancies and patronages. On the basis of ensuring the translated text faithful to the original story, Goldbaltt uses coordinated and creative translation strategies to improve readability and fluency degree of the translation, so as to meet readers’ reading expectation, reading pattern and comprehension.

Under the framework of prototype theory in Cognitive Linguistics, the author makes an attempt to analyze the macrocognitive process of consecutive interpreting. Gile divides interpreting into two phases: comprehension and production. From the perspective of cognition, in the first phase of comprehension, the interpreter seeks the prototype of the source language through abstraction and condensing, and in the second phase of production, the interpreter varies the prototype to the extent that it gets very close to the original category of the source language. This paper analyzes how the interpreter completes the cognitive process of category-prototype-category through amplification and contraction at lexical, sentential and textual level, and provides some advice for interpreting training at the end of the paper.

With the rising of China’s international status, higher ability of translation competence is required on non-English majors. However, the translation teaching of non-English majors is long bothered by the following problems: translation teaching as language teaching, low classroom participation and unsatisfying translation quality. Under the framework of translation competence, language competence is only one of the five competences and the inadequate language competence can be mended up by developing the other four competences. Translation teaching of non-English majors should on the one hand take the training of language competence as its core, and on the other hand emphasize the competence of searching information to acquire domain information and linguistic and cultural know-ledge as well as training transfer competence.

Focusing on the historical evolution of the motion verbs from Latin to Romance,CognitiveLinguisticsandLexicalChange:MotionVerbsfromLatintoRomanceacquires an integrated method of Cognitive Linguistics and Historical Linguistics, providing an even deeper and more detailed analysis and discussion of the lexical change of motion verbs from Latin to Romance, and laying an even more unified and stable theoretical foundation for this study. It, therefore, is of fundamental importance for further exploration of lexical changes in this field.

The paper reviewsReadingtheAmericanNovel1920-2010, a newly released book by James Phelan, one of the leading American rhetorical narrative theorists. In the book Phelan reinterpreted ten American novels mainly from the perspective of rhetorical narrative theory, proving their classical status and clarifying various concepts in rhetorical narrative theory, such as implied author, unreliable narration, voice and narrative ethics, etc. The paper introduces the main contents of the book, makes a brief comment on it, and points out its great value to scholars interested in rhetorical narrative criticism.

Appraisal theory uses the descriptive method to analyze how the speaker manipulates attitude resources and degrees of involvement in language. As one of the earliest scholars who use evaluation theory in translation studies, Munday shows how subjective values and attitude are involved in translators’ decision making, and this method has obviously paid critical attention to social and cultural contexts in the decision making. By combining the gist introduction to the book chapters, this article makes a positive criticism of this book in hope that the methodology presented in this book can open up a new research focus in translation studies.