刘瑨琪 王聪 徐晓贤



摘 要: 为了使本科专业教育更贴近工业生产和反映主流的先进技术,针对目前电力电子实验课程对无功补偿教学部分的缺失,以实验平台中接阻感负载的单相桥式晶闸管整流器为补偿对象,讨论动态无功补偿实验装置的设计和实现。分析动态无功补偿的拓扑和基本原理,设计基于DSP的数字双闭环控制系统,进行了参数计算及相关的器件选型,实现了装置输出无功功率的动态调节,使实验装置单位功率因数运行。同时,该无功补偿实验平台还可以用于补偿其他实验装置给公共连接点带来的无功污染。Matlab仿真及样机实验均表明,该动态无功补偿实验平台具有良好的补偿性能,可以使电气工程专业学生直观地了解动态无功补偿的原理,实现对现有教学实验装置的有效补充。
关键词: 实验教学; 单相无功补偿器; 闭环控制; DSP数字控制; 单位功率因数; 整流器
中图分类号: TN626?34 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2018)16?0017?05
Abstract: Due to the lack of the teaching part of reactive compensation among current power electronic experimental courses, the design and implementation of a dynamic reactive compensation experimental device are discussed, taking the single?phase bridge thyristor rectifier connected to the inductance obstruction load on the experimental platform as the compensation object, so as to make the undergraduate professional education closer to the industrial production and reflect the mainstream advanced technology. The topology and basic principle of dynamic reactive compensation are analyzed, the digital double closed?loop control system based on DSP is designed, and parameter calculation and related device model selections are conducted, so as to realize the dynamic adjustment of the output reactive power of the device, and make the unity power factor of the experimental device operating. Meanwhile, the reactive compensation experimental platform can be used to compensate for the reactive pollution on common joint points brought by other experimental devices. The results of the Matlab simulation and prototype experiment show that the dynamic reactive compensation experimental platform has good compensation performance, can make students in electric engineering major intuitively understand the principle of dynamic inactive compensation, and is an effective supplement to the existing teaching experimental devices.
Keywords: experimental teaching; single?phase reactive compensator; closed?loop control; DSP digital control; unity power factor; rectifier
在电力系统中,由于非线性负载的使用,使得电网中产生了大量的无功和谐波。其中无功增大了线路的损耗、设备的容量以及线路的压降;谐波会增加谐波损耗,产生串并联谐振,引起设备误操作。电网和电力系统中的谐波消除和无功补偿已成为近年来电气工程最受重视的研究领域之一,受到了越来越多国内外学者的关注。静止无功发生器(SVG)具有无功电流调节速度快、应用范围广等一系列优点[1?4],已成为现行最为主流的补偿设备,并在工业中得到了越来越广泛的应用,其实现也成为电气工程领域中最受重视的一项技术。……