循证护理干预在预防乳腺下硅胶假体隆乳术后并发症中的作用及对术后效果的影响

冯丽

[摘要]目的：研究循证护理干预在预防乳腺下硅胶假体隆乳术后并发症的应用及对术后效果的影响。方法：选取2016年7月-2017年7月在笔者医院接受乳腺下硅胶假体隆乳术的108例患者作为研究对象，参照随机数字表法分成对照组和研究组，每组54例。对照组接受常规护理干预，研究组在对照组护理基础上开展循证护理干预。比较两组患者干预前后心理健康水平变化及术后美观效果、并发症发生率。结果：干预后两组患者的SAS、SDS评分均低于干预前，且研究组低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。研究组术后美观效果为92.6%（50/54）优于对照组的77.8%（42/54），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。研究组术后并发症总发生率为9.3%（5/54）低于对照组的25.9%（14/54），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：循证护理干预在预防乳腺下硅胶假体隆乳术后并发症的应用效果显著，能有效减少术后并发症发生率，改善术后美观效果，提高患者心理健康水平，值得临床推广应用。

[关键词]循证护理干预；硅胶假体；隆乳术；乳腺下；并发症；美观效果

[中图分类号]R47 [文献标志码]B [文章编号]1008-6455（2018）06-0145-04

Abstract： Objective To study the application of evidence-based nursing intervention in preventing complications after augmentation mammoplasty with silicone prosthesis and its effect on aesthetic effect. Methods 108 patients who received augmentation mammoplasty with silicone prosthesis in our hospital from July 2016 to July 2017 were selected as research subjects. All the patients were divided into the control group and the study group according to random number table method， 54 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were given routine nursing interventions， and the study group were given evidence-based nursing intervention on the basis of the control group. The changes of mental health and external aesthetic effect and the incidence of complications before and after intervention were compared between the two groups. Results After intervention， the SAS and SDS scores of the two groups were lower than those before intervention， and the study group was lower than that of the control group， the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. The postoperative aesthetic effect of the study group was 92.6%（50/54）， which was better than that of the control group （77.8%，40/54，P<0.05）. The total incidence of postoperative complications in the study group was 9.3% （5/54）， which was lower than that in the control group（25.9%，14/54，P<0.05）. Conclusion Evidence-based nursing intervention has a significant effect on preventing postoperative complications after augmentation mammoplasty with silicone prosthesis. It can effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative complications， improve the postoperative aesthetic effect and improve the mental health of the patients. It is worthy of clinical application.

Key words： evidence-based nursing intervention； silicone prosthesis； augmentation mammoplasty； submammary； complications； appearance aesthetic effect

隆乳術是指经植入自体脂肪组织、医用材料等，扩大乳房体积，使乳房形态呈丰满匀称状，达到改善女性体型的目的，促使女性特有曲线美恢复，使女性获得优美的乳房外观，提高女性自信[1-2]。近年来，随着社会经济的发展，人们生活水平提高，女性审美意识出现转变、发展，其对自身乳房术后美观效果的要求越来越高，故越来越多女性选择通过隆乳术对个人形象进行进一步改善[3]。但相关研究发现隆乳术后易产生感染、假体移位等一系列并发症，降低了手术治疗效果，对女性的身心健康及生活质量存在严重影响，故在术后积极给予患者有效的护理干预具有重要意义[4]。循证护理是护理人员在计划护理活动过程中，审慎地、明确地、明智地将科研结论与临床经验、患者愿望相结合，作出临床护理决策的过程。……