青少年抑郁症睡眠障碍特点调查分析

阮晓莺

摘要  目的：调查分析青少年抑郁症睡眠障碍的特点，探讨青少年抑郁症与睡眠的关系。方法：选取2016年5月至2018年5月三明市三元区卫生计生监督所抽样调查的青少年200例，采用HAMD将患者分为观察组（抑郁组）与对照组（非抑郁组），每组100例，观察组进一步分组为：轻中度观察组61例，重度观察组39例。汉密尔顿抑郁量表调查青少年抑郁情况以及抑郁严重程度，应用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表（Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index，PSQI）青少年的睡眠情况，并进行统计分析。结果：对照组青少年的PSQI总分明显低于观察组，2组比较，差异有统计学意义（ P <0.05）;轻中度观察组青少年的PSQI总分明显低于重度观察组，差异有统计学意义（ P <0.05），2组间比较，差异有统计学意义（ P <0.05）。结论：青少年抑郁症患者存在睡眠障碍，且睡眠障碍与病情严重程度相关，在青少年抑郁症治疗中应加以关注。

关键词  青少年;抑郁症;睡眠障碍

中图分类号：R749.4 文献标识码：A  doi： 10.3969/j.issn.2095-7130.2018.10.048

Investigation and Analysis of Sleep Disorders in Adolescents with Depression

Ruan Xiaoying

（Sanming Sanyuan District Health and Family Planning Supervision Institution，Sanming，365001）

Abstract Objective： To investigate and analysis sleep disorders in adolescents with depression and study the relationship between depression and sleep in adolescents. Methods： 200 cases of adolescent from May 2016 to May 2018 were selected as the research subjects.The patients were divided into observation group （depression group） and control group （non-depression group ），each group has 100 cases.The observation group were divided into 61 cases of mild to moderate depression and 39 cases of severe depression.The Hamilton Depression Scale was used to investigate depression and depression severity in adolescents，and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） was used to measure sleep quality in adolescents. Results： The total score of PSQI in the non-depressive group was significantly lower than that in the depressive group，has significant differences （ P <0.05）.The total score of PSQI in the mild to moderate depressive group was significantly lower than that in the severe depressive group，has significant differences （ P <0.05）.The difference between the two divided groups in observation group has significant differences （ P <0.05）. Conclusion： Adolescent depression patients have sleep disorders，and sleep disorders are related to the severity of the disease and should be pay attention to in the treatment of adolescent depression.

Key Words  Adolescents; Depression; Sleep Disorders

抑郁癥是一类以情绪低落为主要表现的精神疾病，在青少年中的发病率也呈现升高趋势，对青少年的健康具有严重影响。睡眠障碍是抑郁症最常见的临床表现，约有80%以上的抑郁症患者合并睡眠障碍[1]，青少年的抑郁症症状不典型，临床上往往较难鉴别，部分青少年抑郁症以睡眠障碍为首发症状。对青少年抑郁症患者的睡眠障碍特点进行分析，有利于识别症状不典型的青少年抑郁症患者，并针对性的给与治疗。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料 选取2016年5月至2018年5月三明市三元区卫生计生监督所抽样调查的青少年200例，采用HAMD将患者分为观察组（抑郁组）与对照组（非抑郁组），每组100例，观察组中男52例，女48例，年龄13～17岁，平均年龄（15.70±2.87）岁;对照组中男50例，女50例，年龄14～16岁，平均年龄（15.73±3.05）岁。观察组进一步分组为：轻中度观察组61例，重度观察组39例。……