在英语阅读教学中培养学生的逻辑思维能力

许贵祥

【摘 要】 初中英语阅读教学不但要注意指导学生把握文章表层意思，还要对学生进行深层阅读思维能力，帮助他们拓展思路，生成语感，掌握阅读技巧，提高人文素养，从而真正掌握英语基本技能。本文中笔者通过案例分析探索如何在初中英语阅读教学中培养学生的深层思维能力。

【关键词】 英语阅读  深层阅读  逻辑思维

一、问题的提出

作为信息的输入环节，阅读在英语学习中有着不可替代的作用，它是我们培养语感，形成语言能力的基本条件。但是，“学而不思则罔”，如果我们只让学生去死记硬背，也是对教育资源和时间的浪费，因此，我们还要注意培养学生在阅读中的深层思维能力。当下的对阅读理解能力的考查，侧重的是理解能力，不是只能读下来就行，这是一项重要的英语技能考查标准，对学生的英语可持续发展能力进行有效校准与指引。这就要求教师在阅读教学过程中，不但要注意指导学生把握文章表层意思，还要培养学生深层阅读思维的能力。下面我们对如何在初中英语阅读教学中培养学生的深层思维能力进行讨论与探索。

二、在英语阅读教学中培养学生的逻辑思维能力的策略

（一）捋顺文本结构，厘定主要线索。

我们要想理解作者的写作内容，就要在阅读过程中掌握作者的写作纲领和框架，这样才能提纲挈领，掌握作者的写作意图和思维路线。具体实践中，我们可以引导学生在阅读过程中养成分析标题、捋顺文本结构的好习惯，也可以通过辨识文章体裁进行内容厘定;再细节的话还可以通过捕捉过渡承接的语篇和词句进行段落扩展;或者通过寻找段落主题句，来寻找文章脉络。比如，在英语阅读教学时如果我们只强调让学生通读和背诵，那最多也就是训练学生的语感，而笔者让学生的阅读过程中分析文章的结构，找到文章的写作顺序，一些相关问题就迎刃而解了。

University of Oxford is the oldest university in the English-speaking world and its one of the top universities in the world. There is no clear date when the university started， but teaching began at Oxford in some forms in 1096 and developed quickly from 1167.

There are 39 independent colleges at Oxford， attracting students and learned men from across the world. There are over 100 libraries for the students and learned men to use. At University of Oxford， they also provide a number of money for the best students. Of course， if you want to study here， first you have to reach a certain level of English language.

College life at Oxford is very exciting but busy. The groups of college provide a friendly and welcoming home for students while the college are strict with students about their studies. Many Chinese students are studying here. The number of Chinese students at the university has grown quickly over the past 10 years.

根據短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。

1. What do you have to do first if you want to ask fir studying at Oxford？ You have to ______.

A. be independent

B. pass an English language level test

C. study English hard

D. be the best students

2. Hows the college life at Oxford？ Its full of ______ and has __   __.

A. excitement; much school work to do

B. excitement; no school work to do

C. attraction; no school work to do

D. attraction; a little school work to do

3. Whats the best title for the passage？

A. The College Life

B. The Famous Learners at Oxford

C. The Chinese Students at Oxford

D. The University of Oxford

在上述閱读理解中，笔者除了要求学生完成上述题目之外，还要根据段落中的关键词，诸如：“when / where / who / how /what / feelings”，等来判断文章的的阅读及理解重点。如此，就使得学生一目了然、很快就把握了文章的整体结构，然后再从特殊到一般进行推理和普及，有效提升学生阅读英语材料和分析实际问题的能力，而这都将极大地促进其逻辑思维品质。

The loneliest chimp （黑猩猩） in the world just got the best surprise—a hug from a new friend. Ponso has been by himself for nearly three years， finding himself alone after his wife and children died on the island where they were abandoned by a medical testing company many years ago.

For years a nearby villager named Germain has been Ponsos only company， visiting him so often to bring bananas and bread—the chimps only source of food on the tiny island. It was clear how much Ponso missed companionship when he was recently visited by Chimpanzee Conservation Centre Director Estelle Raballand. The chimp immediately embraced Estelle Raballand in a huge hug and laughed as she reached out for him， with his smile from ear to ear.

For those who know Ponsos backstory， his immediate ease and trust in humans might be surprising. Ponso was one of 20 chimps， all between the ages of 7 to 11 years old， relocated to an island off the Ivory Coast after being used for testing by the New York Blood Centre. After the tests were completed in 2005， the lab reportedly transferred the chimps to a string of islands， occasionally dropping off food and water because there was none in the chimps new homes.

Disease and hunger soon left only Ponso， his mate and their two children standing. But at the end of 2013 they died within days of each other and Ponso was now completely alone.

A group called SOS PONSO is trying to raise money for the poor lonely chimp， already achieving its goal of $20， 000—all of which will be used for Ponsos care.

1. What do we know about the chimp Ponso？

A. He was deserted by his family.

B. He suffers from loneliness greatly.

C. He came to the island for a test.

D. He found many sources of food.

2. How did Ponso feel about the visit of Estelle Raballand？

A. Frightened.     B. Confused.

C. Embarrassed.       D. Excited.

3. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？

A. How Ponso came to the island.

B. Why Ponso was used for a test.

C. The chimps new settlement.

D. The medical test about chimps.

4. What can be inferred from the text？

A. Germain wont visit Ponso any more.

B. A new lab will be built on the island.