肖烨 黄志刚
摘要 湿地是陆地生态系统的重要碳库,其土壤有机碳是全球碳循环的重要组成部分。土壤微生物活性因子直接参与土壤物质循环,是湿地土壤有机碳分解周转的主要内在驱动因子,是反映土壤有机碳早期变化的敏感性指标。从微生物区系组成、微生物群落功能多样性、微生物量、酶活性和微生物呼吸等方面综述了影响湿地土壤碳周转的微生物学机制,对深入解析湿地土壤有机碳的迁移转换,阐明湿地土壤碳动态变化具有重要意义。最后分析了当前研究中存在的不足并对今后的研究方向提出建议。
关键词 湿地;土壤有机碳;土壤微生物;酶活性
中图分类号 S154.3文献标识码 A
文章编号 0517-6611(2019)20-0015-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2019.20.004
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Mechanism of Microbiological Influence on Soil Organic Carbon Stability in Wetland
XIAO Ye1, HUANG Zhi gang2
(1.College of Resources and Environment and Tourism, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, Hunan 415000;2.College of Biological and Agricultural Science and Technology,Zunyi Normal University,Zunyi,Guizhou 563006)
Abstract Wetland is an important carbon pool of terrestrial ecosystem and it contents soil organic carbon becoming an important part of global carbon cycle. Due to soil microbial activity factors directly participating in the soil material cycle, they are the main internal driving factors of the decomposition and turnover of soil organic carbon in wetland. Therefore, these microbial activity factors are the sensitivity indexes reflecting the early changes of soil organic carbon. In this paper, the microbiological mechanism affecting soil carbon turnover in wetland was summarized from the aspects of microflora composition, functional diversity of microbial community, microbial biomass, enzyme activity and microbial respiration.It is of great significance to further analyze the migration and transformation of organic carbon in wetland soils and to elucidate the dynamic changes of soil carbon in wetland.Finally, the shortcomings of the present study were analyzed and some suggestions for future research were proposed.
Key words Wetland;Soil organic carbon;Soil microorganism;Enzyme activity
濕地是陆地生态系统的重要碳库,其土壤有机碳是全球碳循环的重要组成部分。土壤微生物活性因子直接参与土壤物质循环,是湿地土壤有机碳分解周转的主要内在驱动因子,是反映土壤有机碳早期变化的敏感性指标[1]。因此湿地土壤碳库稳定性及其影响因子的研究成为研究热点。近年来,我国学者针对不同湿地类型从植被类型[2-3]、环境因子[4-5]、生源要素有效性[6]和土地利用方式[7-8]等方面探讨了影响湿地土壤有机碳动态变化的自然与人为因素,而对影响土壤有机碳周转的微生物学作用机制却鲜少研究。湿地土壤微生物主要参与土壤碳、氮等元素的循环,调控土壤碳截获能力以及碳矿化过程,其功能变化能够导致湿地碳循环速率差异[9]。……