Recovered Patients Donate Plasma希望的传递

罗路

在武汉乃至全国，一场关于新冠肺炎康复者血浆捐献的接力赛正在展开。截至3月5日，全国已有919人捐献了294450毫升的血浆，武汉市已有10余位康复者连续两次捐献血浆。在他们看来，这是一份带有生命温度的礼物，传递着爱、健康和希望。

Spokesmen from National Health Commission of the People's Repubic of China andMinistry of Science and Techndogy of the People's Republic of China on Feb 17th urgedpatients who have recovered from the novel coronavirus to donate blood so that plasmacan be 1） extracted to treat others who are critically ill. 2）Plasma from patients who haverecovered from a spell of pneumonia 3）triggered by COVID-19 contains antibodies thatcan help reduce the virus load in critically ill patients.

"I would like to make a call to all cured patients to donate their plasma so thatthey can bring hope to critically ill patients，" said Guo Yanhong， who is the SupenisionCommissioner of the Medical Administration Bureau of NHC.

Eleven patients at a hospital in Wuhan received plasma4）infusions last week. One patient （among them） has alreadybeen 5）discharged， one is able to get off the bed and walkand the others are all recovering. The call comes daysafter state-owned medical products maker reportedsuccessful results from its 6）trial at Wuhan First People's

1） extract ['ekstraekt]v.提取

2）plasma ['plaenzma]n.血漿

3） trigger ['triga（r）]v.触发

4）infusion[in'fju：3n]n.输入

5） discharge [dis'tfa：d3i]v.出院 6）trial ['traial]n.试验Hospital. China National Biotec Group Co said in a post on its official WeChat accountthat severely ill patients receiving plasma infusions improved within 24 hours. Clinicalstudies have shown that infusing plasma from recovered patients is safe and effective.

Exploring the use of plasma as a treatment for the novel coronavirus was important，but 7）cautioned it needed to be done with safety. It is a very important area of discovery.Plasma had proven effective in saving lives when 8）combating a range of differentdiseases.It is a very valid way to explore 9） therapeutics， especially when we don't havevaccines and we don't have specific anti-virals. Plasma-based treatments could bedifficult to scale up to reach large numbers of patients， and stressed the need to carefullyfollow safety 10） protocols. With blood products you can also transmit other diseases， sothe protocol is very important.

Blood donors will 11）undergo a test to ensure that they are not carrying the virus，said Wang Guiqiang， chief physician at Peking University First Hospital. "Only plasmais taken， not all the blood，" he said. "Other components of the blood including red bloodcells and platelets will be infused back into the donors."

Across the country， there have been 544 recovered patients donating plasma thathas been made into plasma products used on 245 patients， according to authorities.

The Chinese Red Cross Society has established a special fund to award eachplasma donor 3，000 yuan， according to its website. Despite the cash award， manypeople are 12）reluctant to donate plasma soon after recoveryas they worry it will hurt their health and cause themto be infected with COVID-19 again.

But the worry is unnecessary.Recovered patients will not be infected

7） caution ['ko：fn]v.警告

8） combat ['kombaet]V.與……战斗

9） therapeutics [，eera'pju：tiks]n.疗法

10） protocol ['praotakol]n.协议;礼仪

11） undergo [，Anda'gau]V.经历;遭受

12） reluctant [rl'lAktant] adj.不情愿的again for years， but the effectiveness of the anti-bodies in their plasma would decline six monthsafter recovery， so it calling for more recoveredpatients to donate plasma within three monthsafter recovery when the effectiveness of the anti-bodies is high.

Strict processing procedures may also bea reason for the slow 13）provision of plasmaproducts. It takes at least a week from collectingplasma to preparing the products that can beused on COVID-19 patients. The testing forplasma is quite strict. "We will do many virustests on the plasma of recovered patients， such as AIDS， hepatitis B， and syphilis， toensure that the plasma is completely safe before being used for treatment，" the personsaid， noting there is also a blood type match requirement. Recovered patients arerequired to undergo a 14-day 14）quarantine and take a test to confirm they have turnednegative for the virus before they can donate plasma. On average， 400 milliliters ofdonated plasma can save two or three patients in serious condition.

A good sign is more and more recovered patients are donating plasma.

"All the medical staff have sacrificed a lot to treat patients like me， I also want tocontribute a Iittle，" a recovered COVID-19 patient surnamed Yin said."All for one andone for all，" Yin went to the hospital for a further check on Monday and was told thathe was in a good， recovered condition. "After learning that my condition is good fordonation， I decided to donate my plasma."

Another recovered COVID-19 patient surnamed Wang also thanked all the medicalstaff and said that he hoped his donated plasma could help other patients. Wang and Yineach donated 200 milliliters of plasma on Tuesday.

With the effort of all the highly empathetic Chinese people， we have the confidencein the 15）resolutely victory of the battle against the novel coronavirus.

13） provision [pra'vi3n]n.供应;准备

14） quarantine ['kworanti：n]n.隔离

15） resolutely ['rezalu：tli] adv.坚决地

国家卫健委与科技部相关发言人在2月17日呼吁从新冠肺炎中康复的患者献血，以便提取血浆以治疗其他重症患者。从COVID-19引发的肺炎中恢复过来的患者血浆中含有有助于减轻危重患者病毒载量的抗体。

国家卫健委医政医管局监察专员郭燕红说：“我呼吁所有痊愈的患者捐献血浆，以便给重症患者带来希望。”

武汉的一家医院上周有11名患者接受了血浆输注，其中一名病人已经出院，一名病人可以起床行走，而其他人都在康复。几天前，一家国有医疗产品制造商报告了其在武汉市第一人民医院的试验成功的结果。中国生物技术集团公司在其官方微信公众号中说，接受血浆输注的重症患者在24小时内得到改善。临床研究表明，输注来自康复患者的血浆是安全有效的。

探索使用血浆作为新型冠状病毒的治疗手段是重要的，但必须安全地进行。这是一个非常重要的发现领域。在许多疾病的防治中血浆己被证明可以有效地挽救生命。这是一种非常有效的探索治疗方法的手段，尤其是当我们没有疫苗并且没有特效药时。基于血浆的治疗可能难以扩大规模以覆盖大量患者，并强调需要仔细遵循安全方案。因为这些血液制品可能会带有其他疾病，所以安全方案非常重要。

北京大學第一医院主任医师王贵强说，献血者将接受检查以确保他们没有携带这种病毒。“仅抽取血浆，而不是全部血液。”“血液的其他成分，包括红细胞和血小板，将被注回供体。”

据专家介绍，全国共有544名康复病人捐献血浆，这些血浆己被制成血浆制品，供245名病人使用。

据中国红十字会官网介绍，中国红十字会已经设立了一项特别基金，为每位捐血浆者提供3000元人民币的补助金。尽管有现金补助，但许多人不愿意在康复后不久捐血浆，因为他们担心这会损害他们的健康，导致他们再次感染。

其实这种担心是不必要的。康复患者在数年内不会再被感染，但他们血浆中的抗体在康复后6个月效价会下降，所以需要呼吁更多的康复患者在康复后3个月内捐献血浆，因为此时抗体的效价很高。

严格的加工程序也可能是血浆产品供应缓慢的一个原因。从收集血浆到准备可用于COVID-19患者的制品，至少需要一周时间。对血浆的检测相当严格。“我们将对康复病人的血浆做很多病毒测试，比如艾滋病、乙型肝炎和梅毒，以确保治疗前的血浆是完全安全的，”相关人士说，同时指出还存在血型匹配的要求。康复病人需要接受为期14天的隔离，并接受检测，以确定他们是否对病毒呈阴性反应，然后才能献血。平均来说，400毫升的捐献血浆可以救治两三个病情严重的病人。

一个好的迹象是越来越多的康复病人开始献血。

“所有的医护人员都牺牲了很多来治疗像我这样的病人，我也想做出一点贡献，”一名康复的COVID-19患者尹某说，“人人为我，我为人人。”周一，尹某去医院做了进一步检查，并被告知他的情况良好，身体状况已经恢复。“在得知我的身体状况可以捐献后，我决定捐献血浆。”

另一位康复的COVID-19患者王某也感谢了所有的医护人员，并说，他希望自己捐献的血浆能够帮助其他患者。周二，王和尹各捐赠了200毫升血浆。

我们有理由相信，在所有有着高度同理心的中国人的努力下，我们一定能打赢这场新冠肺炎疫情防控阻击战。