虚拟储层水力强化技术在软煤瓦斯抽采中的应用研究

2020-06-21 15:33:52陈顶峰
河南科技 2020年11期

陈顶峰

摘 要:中马村矿二1煤层结构复杂,瓦斯含量高,煤质较软,煤层透气性差,常规的本煤层水力压裂瓦斯抽采效果差。为了解决软煤瓦斯抽采的难题,本文在27021工作面开展了虚拟储层水力强化作业试验,分别从瓦斯抽采量、瓦斯抽采强度、排出煤粉量三个指标进行效果分析。试验结果表明,虚拟储层水力强化改造后,瓦斯抽采量大幅提升,抽采效果明显,同时煤储层地应力得到平衡,避免煤层应力过于集中于一点或一个方向。

关键词:虚拟储层;水力压裂;吞吐压裂;抽采强度

Abstract: The two1 coal seam of Zhongmacun Mine has a complicated coal seam structure, high gas content, soft coal quality, poor coal seam permeability, and poor conventional gas fracturing gas drainage efficiency. In order to solve the problem of soft coal gas drainage, this paper carried out a virtual reservoir hydraulic strengthening operation test on the working face 27021, and analyzed the effects from the three indicators of gas drainage volume, gas drainage intensity and pulverized coal discharge. The test results show that after the virtual reservoir hydraulic enhancement, the gas drainage volume is greatly increased, and the drainage effect is obvious, at the same time, the in-situ stress of the coal reservoir is balanced to prevent the coal stress from being too concentrated in one point or one direction.

Keywords: virtual reservoir;hydraulic fracturing;huff and puff fracturing;pumping intensity

目前,矿井瓦斯抽采常采用的增透技术是水力强化增透技术,该技术主要为本煤层钻孔和底板岩巷穿层钻孔,压裂的主体为煤层,对于煤质较为坚硬、破坏不严重的煤层,一般均能取得较好的增透效果,无论是瓦斯抽采量还是钻孔高效利用时间,都有数倍甚至几十倍的提高和增加。煤体结构为软煤时,水力压裂裂缝达到煤层,但软煤力学残余强度低,水力压裂只能形成挤胀或穿刺,无法形成有效的裂隙增透,且瓦斯流态仍是两级扩散方式,速度缓慢。对于软煤水力进行压裂后,裂缝很快就被挤压充填,渗透性没有实质性改变,行业内基本把软煤看作是水力压裂的“禁区”,如何解决软煤层瓦斯含量高、透气性差、抽采困難、易塌孔等问题,成为困扰高瓦斯矿井的一个难题,必须从工艺和措施上进行改革创新,寻求一种新的解决方法[1-3]。

1 试验区概况

中马村矿27021工……

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