网球体能训练原则及速度素质的训练方法

摘  要：网球运动员的体能训练主要指网球运动员身体运动能力和自身素质提升而采取的必要训练措施。随着网球运动事业的不断发展，网球技术流派的打法击类型层出不穷。尤其是以底线进攻为主流的进攻方法成为运动员最为推崇的类型。基于此，网球运动员在比赛中所产生的体能消耗更为巨大，赢得比赛的关键就在于运动员是否具备良好身体素质和充沛体能。网球运动员体能训练遵循比赛导向、系统性复合、适量区别、适度恢复的基本原则。在网球运动中，要强化体能训练的速度训练中反应速度、位移速度、动作速度等几个方面的训练，提升网球运动员的整体技战术水平。

关键词：网球运动员  体能训练  基本原则  具体方法

中图分类号：G845                                  文獻标识码：A                       文章编号：2095-2813（2020）04（b）-0029-02

Abstract： The physical training of tennis players mainly refers to the necessary training measures taken by tennis players to improve their physical ability and self quality. With the continuous development of tennis industry， the types of tennis technique schools are emerging one after another. In particular， the baseline attack as the mainstream attack method has become the most respected type of athletes. Based on this， the physical consumption of tennis players in the competition is even greater. The key to win the competition is whether the players have good physical quality and sufficient physical strength. The physical training of tennis players follows the basic principles of competition orientation， systematic compounding， proper differentiation and proper recovery. In tennis， we should strengthen the speed training of physical training in response speed， displacement speed， movement speed and other aspects of training， improve the overall technical and tactical level of tennis players.

Key Words： Tennis players; Physical training; Basic principles; Specific methods

1  网球运动员体能训练基本原则

网球运动员的体能训练遵循基本的原则体现在如下几个方面。

1.1 比赛导向的原则

网球运动是一项极具竞技性和健身效能运动。从运动类型上，既有纯粹的休闲娱乐属性，也具有极强的竞技需求。对于专业的网球运动员而言，其基础就在于能否提升自身的体适能，从而有效地应对网球竞技比赛的需求。因此，在网球体能训练上坚持的一个原则就是要以竞技为基本原则，提升竞技需求导向性，所有的训练项目都切实围绕比赛的需求来进行相关的设计组织及实施。在日常训练中，教练员要充分根据运动员的基本素质、竞技能力来决定训练手段以及内容，从而有效地制定切实可行的训练计划，最大程度提升运动员的训练效果，进而在竞技比赛中取得较好成绩。……