阿奇霉素联合西替利嗪治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的临床疗效分析

雷媛

[摘要] 目的 評价阿奇霉素联合西替利嗪对儿童支原体肺炎治疗的疗效及安全性。 方法 选取2018年9月～2019年9月在长沙市第四医院住院治疗的86例肺炎支原体肺炎患儿，并随机分为试验组（n=43）和对照组（n=43）。对照组给予静滴阿奇霉素10 mg/（kg·d），连续治疗3～5 d，停用4 d后口服阿奇霉素干混悬剂10 mg/（kg·d），连用3 d。试验组在此基础上，口服西替利嗪滴剂，按：2～6岁儿童早上和晚上各服用0.25 mL（2.5 mg，约7滴），6～10岁儿童早上和晚上各服用0.5 mL（5 mg，约14滴），口服10～14 d。观察两组患儿的临床疗效、临床症状消失、胸片恢复和住院时间及不良反应发生率。 结果 试验组总有效率为100.0%，对照组总有效率为97.6%，两组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。试验组患儿的退热时间、咳嗽消失时间、胸片恢复时间、住院天数分别为（3.48±0.29）d，（6.58±1.02）d，（7.16±1.14）d，（7.53±2.33）d，显著低于对照组的（4.18±0.35）d，（7.66±1.43）d，（9.41±1.26）d，（9.89±2.17）d（均P<0.05）。试验组和对照组患儿药品不良反应发生率分别为11.63%和13.95%，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论 阿奇霉素联合西替利嗪治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎患儿可较快的缓解患儿的临床症状，且不增加不良反应的发生率。

[关键词] 阿奇霉素;西替利嗪;儿童;支原体肺炎;临床疗效

[中图分类号] R725.6          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2020）15-0069-03

Clinical analysis of azithromycin combined with cetirizine in the treatment of children with mycoplasma pneumonia

LEI Yuan

Department of Pediatrics， Changsha Fourth Hospital， Changsha   410006， China

[Abstract] Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of azithromycin combined with cetirizine in the treatment of children with mycoplasma pneumonia. Methods 86 children with mycoplasma pneumonia hospitalized in the Fourth Hospital of Changsha from September 2018 to September 2019 were selected and randomly divided into the experimental group（43 cases） and the control group（43 cases）. In the control group， 10 mg/（kg·d） of azithromycin was intravenously infused for 3 to 5 days of continuous treatment. After 4 days of suspension， azithromycin dry suspension 10 mg/（kg·d） was taken orally for 3 days.On this basis， the experimental group orally took cetirizine drops， according to the principle of medication that children with 2-6 years old took 0.25 mL（2.5 mg，about 7 drops） in the morning and evening， children with 6-10 years old orally took 0.5 mL in the morning and evening（5 mg， about 14 drops） for 10-14 days. The clinical efficacy， disappearance of clinical symptoms， recovery of chest radiographs， hospitalization time and incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups of children were observed. Results The total effective rate of the experimental group was 100.0%， and the total effective rate of the control group was 97.6%. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups（P>0.05）. The fever time， cough disappearance time， chest radiograph recovery time and hospitalization days of the children in the experimental group were（3.48±0.29）d， （6.58±1.02）d， （7.16±1.14）d， （7.53±2.33）d， which were significantly lower than（4.18±0.35）d， （7.66±1.43）d， （9.41±1.26）d and（9.89±2.17）d in the control group（all P<0.05）.The incidence of adverse drug reactions in the experimental group and the control group was 11.63% and 13.95%， respectively， and the difference was not statistically significant（P>0.05）. Conclusion Azithromycin combined with cetirizine in treating children with mycoplasma pneumonia can relieve the clinical symptoms of the children quickly without increasing the incidence of adverse reactions.

[Key words] Azithromycin; Cetirizine; Children; Mycoplasma pneumonia; Clinical efficacy

在住院患儿中，呼吸道感染占60%以上，其中大部分为肺炎。肺炎支原体是儿童社区获得性肺炎最重要的致病菌之一[1]。常年均可发病，且发病率有逐年上升的趋势。目前儿童的肺炎支原体肺炎占社区获得性肺炎住院患儿的10%～40%[2]，儿童支原体肺炎具有症状、体征多变，病程较长的特点。临床表现主要有发热、畏寒、咽痛、咳嗽、咳痰等，年龄小的患儿症状常不典型，有时可伴有多脏器功能损害[3]。若未及時得到有效治疗，将可能会引发肺不张、肺实变等，严重影响患儿的身体健康，所以尽早诊断和及时有效的治疗非常重要。支原……