陈怡如



摘 要: 培养高素质人才是实现区域经济协调发展的关键,基于我国31个省份2008—2017年的面板数据,建立柯布-道格拉斯生产函数扩展回归模型,实证分析了高等教育财政投入对区域经济增长的影响。研究显示,高等教育财政投入对经济增长有正向影响,且远大于传统地区劳动力投入及物质资本投资要素的影响,分区域高等教育财政投入对经济增长影响不同,其中东北三省的正向贡献最大。政府应该更加注重对于高等教育投入,开放投资渠道,缩小不同区域高等教育水平发展差距,合理配置公共资源。
关键词: 高等教育财政投入;区域经济增长;面板数据
中图分类号: F 061.5 文献标志码: A
Abstract: With the further needs of Chinas sustainable development and economic transformation, it is more important to improve production efficiency and cultivate higher-quality talents. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2008 to 2017, the paper has established a regression model for the expansion of C-D production function. Considering the impact of education on economic growth is time-delay, the paper has analyzed the impact of higher education expenditure on regional economic growth. The results show that higher education expenditure has a positive influence on economic growth, and the impact is more significant than labor input and material capital investment factors. Financial investment in higher education in different regions has different influences on economic growth, while three provinces in Northeast China have the most positive contribution. Governments should pay more attention to the investment in higher education, opening investment channels and narrowing the gap in education development.
Key words: financial expenditure of higher education; regional economic growth; panel data
十九大提出,我國社会主要矛盾已经转化为人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾。近年来,我们从经济高速增长转为中高速增长,转变经济发展模式至关重要。新中国成立以来,我国经济增长过于依赖固定资本投资、忽视人力资本投资的格局必须改变,因此,必须加快高等教育发展,借助高校培养更多高层次创新人才,以实现区域经济协调发展。
改革开放以来,虽然我国财政教育投入比例一直呈上升趋势,但投入结构和区域配置仍不合理。按国际通用标准,教育性财政经费投入需占GDP的4%,孟望生等研究发现2012年以前,我国大部分地区的财政教育投入都未达到该标准,2012年后部分省区却有过度补贴的趋势。我国高等教育资源分配也存在区域差异问题。……