探讨影响临床尿常规检验准确性的因素

苏建勇

【摘 要】目的：分析影响尿常规检验准确性的相关风险因素。方法：抽取2018年7月至2019年7月期间于本院检验科1000份尿液样本进行回顾性分析，统计其检验误差发生情况并对影像其准确性的风险因素进行分析。结果：1000份尿液标本中894份标本合格，其合格率为89.40%，106份标本不合格，其不合格率为10.60%;106例不合格标本中，采集方式不当所致比例为24.52%;检验仪器操作不当为18.86%;储存方式不当为22.64%;1标记失误导致不合格比例为9.43%;储存时间过长为7.54%;结果分析不正确为5.66%;储存容器污染为11.32%。结论：为提高尿常规检验结果准确性，需进一步规范尿液标本的采集流程，加强标本储存容器消毒管理、规定标本储存时间，提升检验科医师的专业能力。

【关键词】尿常规;检验;准确性;影响因素

【中图分类号】R4;R83 【文献标识码】B 【文章编号】1002-8714（2020）02-00-02

【Abstract】Objective： Risk factors affecting the accuracy of routine urinalysis were analyzed. Methods： 1000 urine samples were collected from July 2018 to July 2019 in the laboratory department of our hospital for retrospective analysis， the occurrence of test errors and the risk factors for the accuracy of the images were analyzed. Results： Among 1000 urine specimens， 894 were qualified， with a qualified rate of 89.40%， and 106 were unqualified， with a qualified rate of 10.60%. Among 106 unqualified specimens， 24.52% were caused by improper collection methods. Improper operation of inspection instruments is 18.86%; Improper storage mode： 22.64%; 1. Mismarking leads to the unqualified proportion of 9.43%; Too long storage time was 7.54%. The result of incorrect analysis was 5.66%. Storage container contamination was 11.32%. Conclusion： In order to improve the accuracy of routine urine test results， the collection process of urine specimens should be further standardized， the disinfection management of specimen storage containers should be strengthened， the storage time of specimens should be stipulated， and the professional ability of laboratory physicians should be improved.

【Key words】urine routine; Inspection; Accuracy; Factors affecting the

尿常规是临床基础检查项目之一，其不仅能够反映人体泌尿系统的问题，还可以帮助医生为某些疾病的诊断提供相关依据，例如：肾病、糖尿病以及肝胆疾病等。常规尿液检查包含视觉检查、显微镜检查以及尿液分析三个部分[1]。视觉检查主要分析了你熬夜的颜色以及澄清度;显微镜检查可辨别一些无法通过肉眼观察的事物，如不应在尿液中存在的红细胞、白细胞、细菌以及结晶等;尿液分析主要分析了尿液中的酸碱度、葡萄糖、胆红素等指标是否正常[2]，本次研究主要分析了影响尿常规检验准确性的相关风险因素，以下为详细研究报告。

1 资料与方法

1.1一般资……