王利秀
【摘 要】目的:分析急诊外科创伤患者死亡危险因素及急救措施。方法:方法:收治创伤病死患者132例,回顾性分析其临床资料。结果:132例患者中,院前病死81例,主要创伤部位集中在胸部、腹部及头部;与其他年龄段对比,青年及中年是外科创伤的多发群体,其中20~50岁患者发病率最高(P<0.05);与高空坠落、刀具砍伤等其他因素对比,交通事故致死率最高(P<0.05)。结论:现场急救水平、创伤评分和患者年龄是影响急诊外科创伤患者死亡率的主要因素。加强院前急救,及时诊断患者病因,可有效降低死亡率。
【关键词】急诊;外伤患者;影响因素;急救方案
【中图分类号】R459.7 【文献标识码】B 【文章编号】1002-8714(2020)02-00-01
【Abstract】Objective: To analyze the risk factors and first aid measures for death in emergency surgical trauma patients. Methods: 132 patients with traumatic disease were treated and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Of the 132 patients, 81 were hospitalized before the hospital. The main trauma sites were concentrated in the chest, abdomen and head. Compared with other age groups, young and middle-aged patients were multiple groups of surgical trauma, including the incidence of 20-50 years old patients. The highest (P<0.05); the highest fatality rate of traffic accidents (P<0.05) compared with other factors such as falling from height and cutting. Conclusion: On-site first aid level, trauma score and patient age are the main factors affecting mortality in emergency surgical trauma patients. Strengthening pre-hospital first aid and timely diagnosis of the cause of the disease can effectively reduce the mortality rate.
【Key words】emergency department; trauma patients; influencing factors; first aid program
1 资料与方法
1.1一般资料
015年10月- 2017年10月入院治疗的创伤病死患者共计132例,其中男性患者101例(76.52%),女性患者为31例(23.48%);年龄分布在3~71岁,患者的平均年龄为(43.89±16.65)岁;其中在入院之前经过抢救无效病死的患者为81例(61.36%),从发病到采取外科急诊时间为5至360 min,平均需要的时间为(149.78±23.69)min。创伤诱发的因素有很多但是对其总结后可以看出主要分为重物创击和交通事故,以及高空坠落与刀具砍伤等。
1.2方法
根据患者的临床症状,迅速建立两个以上的静脉通道,补充体液,改善血液供应和氧气供应,防止失血性休克;快速准确地评估患者的创伤情况,确定急救方法;保持患者的呼吸道通畅,对待患者。呼吸机可帮助重症患者和严重呼吸系统疾病的患者呼吸,并在情况允许的情况下帮助其病情。
2 结果
疾病和死亡因素分析:在132例死亡患者中,有78例年龄在20至50岁之间,占总死亡率的59.09%;年龄<20岁的32例,占总病死率的24.24%;年龄> 50岁的22例,占总病死率的16.67%。根据数据,20-50岁年龄段的死亡率显着高于其他年龄段,并且差异具有统计学意义(x2 = 60.818,P = 0.000)。另外,根据创伤因素分析,在132例死亡患者中,交通事故79例,占总病死率的59.85%,明显高于各项因素,差异具有统计学意义(x2 = 68.800) ,P = O.OOO)……p>