嗓音矫治对早期声带息肉患者疗效的相关危险因素分析

张琳 杜欢乐 诸葛盼 尤慧华

[摘要] 目的 采用回顾性病例对照研究的方法，探索嗓音矫治对早期声带息肉疗效影响的相关危险因素。 方法 选取2016年3月至2018年10月金华市中心医院收治的65例早期声带息肉患者作为研究对象，对影响治愈率的相关因素（年龄、病程、受教育程度、是否职业用嗓者，吸烟，饮酒）进行单因素分析，并将差异有统计学意义的单因素进行多因素Logistic 回归分析。 结果 单因素分析显示，病程、受教育程度、吸烟是影响嗓音矫治对早期声带息肉患者疗效的危险因素（P<0.05）;多因素Logistic回归分析，病程>4个月及受教育水平（文化程度为中学及以下）是影响嗓音矫治对早期声带息肉患者疗效的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。 结论 对早期声带息肉的患者，病程>4个月及受教育水平（文化程度为中学及以下）是影响嗓音矫治疗效的独立危险因素。

[关键词] 嗓音矫治;早期;声带息肉;危险因素

[中图分类号] R767.402          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）31-0094-04

[Abstract] Objective To explore the risk factors related to the efficacy of voice correction in patients with early vocal cord polyps by a retrospective case-control study method. Methods A total of 65 patients with early vocal cord polyps admitted to Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital from March 2016 to October 2018 were selected as the study objects. The univariate analysis was conducted for the related factors affecting the cure rate （age，course of disease，education level，occupational voice use，smoking，drinking），and the multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed for the statistically significant univariate factors. Results According to the univariate analysis，the course of disease，education level，and smoking were risk factors affecting the efficacy of voice correction in patients with early vocal cord polyps，with statistically significant differences（P<0.05）. According to the multivariate Logistic regression analysis，the course of disease longer than 4 months and education level （education level of middle school and below） were independent risk factors affecting the efficacy of voice correction in patients with early vocal cord polyps，with statistically significant differences（P<0.05）. Conclusion For patients with early vocal cord polyps，the course of disease longer than 4 months and education level （education level of middle school and below） are independent risk factors affecting the efficacy of voice correction.

[Key words] Voice correction; Early; Vocal cord polyps; Risk factors

聲带息肉作为常见的嗓音疾病是耳鼻咽喉头颈外科的常见病及多发病[1]。目前研究表明，声带息肉是良性声带增生性疾病，主要发生在声带固有层浅层，临床主要表现为声音嘶哑，喉镜检查表现为声带边缘前中1/3交界表面光滑、半透明带蒂新生物，或声带游离缘生成基底较宽的梭形半透明光滑新生物[2]。目前其治疗以显微手术切除为主[3]。许多文献已证明，嗓音矫治对声带息肉有一定的治疗效果[4-6]。然而，嗓音矫治无法治愈所有的声带息肉。Cho等[7]通……