课堂“6+1”模式的教学探究与实践

2021-01-11 16:25潘丽丽
科学与生活 2021年27期
关键词:导学自学规律

潘丽丽

摘要:知名校长李金池在《中国课堂的奇迹》提出了著名的“精中”高效“6+1”课堂,本文简称之为课堂“6+1”模式。本文首先从总体感知与解读课堂“6+1”模式;次而,提炼课堂“6+1”教学环节的精义;最后,实践和呈现高中英语课堂的导学提纲,以期能更精简地理解课堂“6+1”模式要义,同时能指导中小学的教育教学实践。

关键词:课堂“6+1”模式;教学环节;导学提纲

一、课堂“6+1”模式的总体感知与解读

1、课堂“6+1”模式的本质指向构建以学生为主体的学堂。学生是课堂的主人,教师是课堂的导演。

2、课堂“6+1”的脚本和载体是《导学提纲》。学生依据《导学提纲》进行“演绎”,教师依据《导学提纲》进行“编导”。

3、每一节“6+1”课堂都是有严格流程的创造。

4、课堂“6+1”模式是被实践检验了的,正确高效并符合学习规律的课堂模式。

二、课堂“6+1”教学环节的精义提炼:导、思、议、展、评、检、练

(一)导,包括导入和导学(简)

1、导入,要简洁有效,实现旧知向新知的导入,并激发好奇心。

2、导学,明确学习目标、学习重难点,以及对《导学提纲》自学内容进行说明和指导。

(二)思,自学和深思(静)

学生依据《导学提纲》的路径图,在规定的时间内进行自学和深思。

(三)议,对议题讨论(活)

自主学习后,教师将提前准备(有价值的)议题,立即通过PPT呈现,让全体学生起立讨论。

(四)展,展示自学和深思的结果(跃)

1、讨论结束,教师立即通过PPT出示展示内容和要求。

2、激情展示开始,学生按照既定的规则或站立口头表述,或走上讲台板演。

3、理科要达到5人次以上,文科要达到7人次以上。

(五)评,教师精讲(精要)

1、激情展示后,教师侧重规律和方法的归纳总结,对易混点进行强调,补充未展示的内容,构建本节的内容的知识网。

2、语速适当,当讲必讲,讲贵在精,力争不说一句废话。

(六)检,反刍内化(整合)

1、距下课4分钟时,教师通过PPT告知学生进入“检”的环节。

2、学生自检2.5分钟,对当堂所学的知识点、方法和规律进行回顾,反刍内化。

3、继而,教师通过PPT或口头提出问题,学生短暂思考后回答,教师也可点号回答,如果回答正确,给小组加分,回答错误给小组扣分。(不可或缺,不可拖堂)

(七)练,练习做题(迁移)

课外(自习课)进行,通过练习、作业或活动等多种形式让学生灵活运用所学知识,最终达到学以致用的目的。

三、6+1的教学载体《导学提纲》

(一)导学提纲的内容

【学习目标】

【重点难点】

【导学流程】

Ⅰ了解感知:回顾、学习、铺垫

Ⅱ深入学习:强化识记、分析、推理、归纳,以致夯实基础、总结规律和方法。

Ⅲ迁移运用:利用已有的知识、技能和方法解决问题。

【合作学习设计】

合作学习内容及合作学习要求,要求是指采用何种形式和方法,达到何种程度的描述,如“借助提纲中...,组议...规律”、“两人在讨论...基础上,互相检查...,并构建知识网络等”。

【展示设计】

展示重中之重的问题、一题多解的问题、易混点、典型性。能在小組解决的问题就不要展示了。

学生按照既定的规则或站立口头表述,或走上讲台板演。教师通过激励性语言、表情和肢体动作,激赏勇于展示的学生,鼓励其他学生质疑、挑战、纠错、补充。

导学提纲在英语教学实践中的运用

Unit3 Living legends (Period 1)

班级____________姓名_______________小组_______________

【学习目标】

1.To understand the text

2.To improve the reading ability

【重点难点】

1.Figure out the main idea of the text and summarize the structure of the text.

2.Capture the detail information about the text.

3.Appreciate(理解) the presentation skills(表达技巧) of the article.

【导学流程】

Ⅰ了解感知——to get the main idea and the structure of the text

1.What’s the main idea of the text?

A.It’s about living legends,Lang Ping and Michael Jordan.

B.It’s about volleyball games.

C.It’s about basketball games.

D.It’s about the Boys and Girls Club.

2.Divide passage 1 into 4 parts.

3.Divide passage 2 into 3 parts.

Ⅱ深入学习——to capture the detail information

1.Decide whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F).

①Lang Ping has brought honour to the country as a volleyball player and coach.( )

②It was a great challenge that Lang Ping was injured.( )

2.What did Lang Ping do when she lost two important players?

A.She could not face the difficulties and lost heart.

B.She encouraged her players to work together.

C.She chose another two players to join the team.

D.She became the best coach in the world.

3.Which of the followingis TRUE about Lang Ping according to the passage?

A.She is the best player of China women’s volleyball team now.

B.She led the team to champions in the 2015 World Cup in Brazil.

C.She once had heart problems in the Olympics.

D.She brought honour and glory to our country as a player and a coach.

4.What do you think of Lang Ping?

__________________________________________

5.Why is Michael Jordan called“Air Jordan”?

A.Because his feet are easy to leave the ground.

B.Because his moves and jumps are unique.

C.Because his physical strength is powerful.

D.Because his moves are soft and gentle.

6.What does Jordan think of failures in his life?

He considers the secret to success is ________________.

7. Appreciate the presentation skills of the text.

(1) As a player… As a coach… As a person…(排比 Row sentences)

(2)…time seemd to stand still.(夸张拟人 personification)

(3)“I can accept failure…”(直接引语 direct speech)

Ⅲ迁移运用

Guess the meaning “as” according to the context.

1、prep.介词

as a player__________

be known as ___________

2、conj.连词

(1)As you can see,we are still working.________

(2)My mother was cooking fish as I arrived home.___________

(3)s rain has fallen, the air is cooler.______________

(4)Young as he is,he has been one of the most famous painters in our country.

(5)Do as the Romans do when in Rome.

3、关系代词

This is the same game as I played yesterday._________

【合作学习设计】

1.According to the context in Guiding outline,summarize the usage of “as”.

根據《导学提纲》的语境,总结as的用法。

2.According to the main idea and the structure of the two passages,draw mind maps of the two passages.(two students Check each other)

根据文章的主要意思和结构,画思维导图。两人一组,互相检查。

3.Through the spirits we have learnt from Lang Ping and Jordan,discuss in groups to form 4 sentences how to become a person with lofty ideal and adhere to the road forwards.

根据我们从郎平和乔丹身上学到的运动员精神,小组讨论我们如何去做一个拥有远大理想并坚持前行的人呢?(形成4个句子)

【展示设计】

1、as 作为连词的用法总结。

2、表达远大理想,坚持前行的句子。

参考文献:

[1]李金池.中国课堂的奇迹[M].南京:南京大学出版社.2014.4

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