盐胁迫对普陀樟和日本荚蒾生理及叶片解剖结构的影响

高玉德　沈登锋　王世伟　章建红

摘 要：以2年生普陀樟（Cinnamomum japonicum var.chenii）和日本荚蒾（Viburnum japonicum）容器苗为研究材料，施以不同浓度（0、3‰、6‰、9‰）NaCl溶液，调查其生理生化指标和叶片解剖结构的变化，对耐盐能力进行评价。结果表明，随NaCl處理浓度的增加2种植物叶绿素质量浓度、净光合速率（Pn）显著下降;其中普陀樟和日本荚蒾光合速率下降的主要因素分别为非气孔限制和气孔限制;低浓度NaCl处理对两者生长有促进作用，表现为最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）、潜在光化学效率（Fv/Fo）的上升，YⅡ、qP的下降;切片结果表明盐处理后叶片栅栏组织的厚度和组织细胞变小、细胞间隙变大，普陀樟变化程度显著小于日本荚蒾。综合各指标变化，低浓度盐环境促进普陀樟和日本荚蒾生长，而高浓度会产生抑制效应，两者中普陀樟对盐环境适应能力更强。

关键词：NaCl胁迫;光合参数;叶片解剖结构

中图分类号：S71  文献标识码：A

文章编号：1008-0457（2021）05-0028-06    国际DOI编码：10.15958/j.cnki.sdnyswxb.2021.05.005

Effects of Salt Stress on Physiology and Leaf Anatomical Structure of Cinnamomum Japonicum var.Chenii and Viburnum Japonicum

GAO Yude1，2，SHEN Dengfeng2，WANG Shiwei1*，ZHANG Jianhong2

（1.College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture，Xinjiang Agricultural University，Urumqi，Xingjiang 830052，China;2.Institute of Forestry，Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Ningbo，Zhejiang 315040，China）

Abstract：To explore salt tolerance evaluation of Cinnamomum japonicum var.chenii and Viburnum japonicum，two-year-old container seedlings were watered by different concentrations of NaCl solution （0，3‰，6‰，9‰）.Their physiological and biochemical index and leaf anatomical structure were investigated.The results showed that the chlorophyll mass concentration and net photosynthetic rate （Pn） of the two species decreased significantly with increase of NaCl concentration，The main factors of photosynthetic rate decrease in the twoplants were non-stomata restriction and stoma restriction，respectively.Low-concentration NaCl treatment could promote growth of both species，manifested by the increase of maximum photochemical efficiency （Fv/Fm），potential photochemical efficiency （Fv/Fo） and decreaseof YII and qP.The slice results indicated that thickness of the leaf fence tissue and the tissue cells became smaller and intercellular space became greater after salt treatment.The degree of change in Cinnamomum japonicum var.chenii was significantly less than that in Viburnum japonicum.Based on changes in various indicators，low-concentration salt environment promotes the growth of Cinnamomum japonicum var.chenii and Viburnum japonicum，while high concentration inhibits.Both them，Cinnamomum japonicum var.chenii has a stronger ability to adapt to salt environment.

Keywords：salt stress;photosynthetic parameters;anatomical structure of leaf

基金项目：宁波市科技局公益项目（2019C10085）

普陀樟（Cinnamomum japonicum var.chenii）和日本荚蒾（Viburnum japonicum）分布于浙江东部海岛，是具有抗风、抗海雾、耐干旱等优良性状的树种。普陀樟属常绿乔木，常作为沿海山地造林使用，野生资源趋于枯竭，被列为国家Ⅱ级重点保护植物[1]。日本荚蒾属常绿灌木，野生植株常生长于松林下、灌草丛中，为浙江省重点保护野生植物[2]。

海岛环境受盐雾、海水侵蚀等影响，土壤盐渍化严重影响原生植物的生长。在盐环境中，植物通常表现为生长速度慢、植株矮小、叶片发黄脱落等受胁迫和生长势增强、生物量增加等受促进两种情况[3]。……