葛影影 何国戈 郑经成 胡克科 别又才
摘要 枸杞是一种传统的药食兼用型中药,属于茄科枸杞属灌木植物。枸杞的主要生物活性物质有枸杞多糖、甜菜碱、枸杞色素等,具有抗菌、抗氧化、降血糖、免疫调节等生理功能。枸杞及其提取物、枸杞粉、枸杞渣等作为功能性饲料添加剂在动物生产中的研究已有报道,应用价值高、开发前景广。综述了枸杞的主要活性成分及生理功能,枸杞在动物生产中的实际应用,旨在为枸杞的合理开发利用提供参考。
关键词 枸杞;活性成分;生理功能;动物生产
中图分类号 S816.7 文献标识码 A
文章编号 0517-6611(2021)03-0025-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.03.006
Abstract Lycium barbarum is a traditional Chinese medicine and food, and belong to the shrub plants of the Solanaceae and Lycium.The main biological active substances of Lycium barbarum have Lycium barbarum polysaccharide, betaine, Lycium barbarum pigment, etc., which have physiological functions including antibacterial, antioxidant, hypoglycemic and immune regulation.Researches on Lycium barbarum and its extracts, Lycium barbarum powder, Lycium barbarum residue,which can be used as functional feed additives in animal productions have been reported, it has a high application value and broad development prospects.The paper reviewed the main active ingredients and physiological functions of Lycium barbarum, the practical application in animal production,so as to provide a reference for the reasonable development and utilization of Lycium barbarum.
Key words Lycium barbarum;Active ingredient;Physiological function;Animal production
枸杞(Lycium barbarum)是一種多年生茄科枸杞属灌木植物,喜冷凉,耐干旱,适应性强,常生于山坡、荒地、丘陵、盐碱地及路边,也可在我国宁夏、青海、甘肃等地区大面积种植。枸杞是一种野生型药用植物,其药用部位主要有果实、果柄、果茎、叶片和根部,在我国已有两千多年的种植和用药历史,具有增强免疫力、补虚益精、清热明目的保健功能[1]。在明代李时珍的《本草纲目》都有记载春天采叶、夏季采花、秋季采果、冬季采根皮,具有解热止咳之功效[2]。除此之外,枸杞叶片清甜爽滑,在两广地区可作蔬菜食用。枸杞还可以加工成各种食品、饮料、油料、保健酒、保健品等,如枸杞饼干、枸杞饮品、枸杞保健酒[3-5]。目前枸杞主要在宁夏和青海大量种植,并形成产业核心区,加工成各种各样的产品,产值不断增加,有效解决当地群众的就业难题,带动当地经济发展。……