云南弥渡烟区烤烟特色品种比较试验

2021-03-01 02:00:17范志勇童瑶刘成林户艳霞王德勋苏家恩
安徽农业科学 2021年3期

范志勇 童瑶 刘成林 户艳霞 王德勋 苏家恩

摘要 以随机小区试验的生产方式,比较了红花大金元、K326、翠碧一号和云烟87(对照) 4个烤烟品种在大理州弥渡县的田间表现、烟叶烤后外观品质与经济性状。结果表明,云烟87生育期最短(122 d),红花大金元生育期最长(135 d);3种常见病害调查中,云烟87综合抗病能力最强,K326次之;K326烟叶烤后烟叶品质较好;云烟87经济性状比其他品种有较大优势。未来在大理州弥渡县烟区烤烟特色品种推广工作中,建议首选K326,红花大金元次之,不建议推广翠碧一号。

关键词 红花大金元;K326;翠碧一号;品种表现

中图分类号 S572 文献标识码 A

文章編号 0517-6611(2021)03-0030-04

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.03.008

Abstract Using the production mode of a random plot experiment, the field performance, appearance quality and economic characteristics of four fluecured tobacco varieties of Honghuadajinyuan, K326, Cuibi No.1 and Yunyan 87 (control) in Midu County of Dali Prefecture were compared.The results showed that the growth period of Yunyan 87 was the shortest (122 days), and that of Honghuadajinyuan was the longest (135 days);in the investigation of 3 common diseases, Yunyan 87 had the strongest comprehensive disease resistance, followed by K326;K326 tobacco leaves had better quality after curing;the economic characters of Yunyan 87 had greater advantages than other varieties.In the future, in the promotion of characteristic fluecured tobacco varieties in the tobacco area of Midu County of Dali Prefecture, it is recommended that K326 is the first choice, followed by Honghuadaijinyuan, and Cuibi No.1 is not recommended.

Key words Honghuadajinyuan;K326;Cuibi No.1;Variety performance

烤烟又称弗吉尼亚型烤烟,其起源悠久,品种多样。我国烤烟种植面积居世界首位,其中云南省烟草种植面积占全国总面积的近50%,烟草行业高昂的利税对云南省乃至全国的经济发展有着弥足轻重的地位[1-3]。有研究表明,不同品种同一环境下,烟叶的表现不尽相同,各烟区需要筛选适合当地烟叶生产的烤烟品种[4-7]。一直以来,不同生态条件下烤烟品种的对比与筛选工作都是烤烟育种工作者提高烟草品种可用性、发挥烤烟品种特色的重要手段之一[8-10]。弥渡县位于云南省西部,大理白族自治州东南部,地跨东经100°19′~100°47′,北纬24°47′~24°56′,是云南省核心烟区之一。为摸清几个烤烟特色品种在大理州弥渡县烟区的表现,于2019年进行品种比较试验,以期为后续烤烟特色品种推广应用提供理论依据。

1 材料与方法

1.1 试验时间、地点……

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