郭梦



摘要 提高秸稈资源综合利用效率是推进农业、乡村绿色发展的重要一环,但由于其较大且无法内化的正外部效应阻碍着政府秸秆资源化利用政策推进。首先利用熵权法对2008—2017年新疆南疆5地州棉花秸秆资源的数据进行分析,明确了南疆各地州棉花秸秆资源化能力的分布,随后运用外部理论构建博弈模型,计算了在强制命令型、经济激励型和混合型3种政策情景下的纳什均衡P1、P2和P3,分析政府行为选择对农户棉花秸秆资源化能力影响。结果表明:2008—2017年,南疆农户棉花秸秆资源化能力综合得分由大到小依次为阿克苏地区、克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州、巴音郭楞蒙古自治州、喀什地区、和田地区;在3种政策情况下,政府采取混合政策时求解纳什均衡解数值最小值P3介于P1和P2之间,因此农户进行棉花秸秆资源化利用的概率越大,农户棉花秸秆资源化能力越强,政府为了效用最大化不采取措施的概率越大;③在3种政策的市场均衡条件下混合型政策的短期均衡条件与长期均衡临界相比于其他2种政策环境更易到达,混合型政策更有助于提高农户棉花秸秆资源化能力。
关键词 秸秆资源化;熵权法;外部理论;南疆
中图分类号 S216.2 文献标识码 A
文章编号 0517-6611(2021)03-0254-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.03.068
Abstract Improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of straw resources is an important part of promoting the green development of agriculture and rural areas. However, due to its large externalization effect that cannot be internalized, it hinders the governments straw resource utilization policy. This paper firstly uses the entropy weight method to analyze the data of cotton straw resources in five prefectures of southern Xinjiang from 2008 to 2017, and clarifies the distribution of cotton straw resource utilization ability in various states in southern Xinjiang. Then, using external theory to construct a game model, the calculation is carried out. The Nash equilibrium under the three policy scenarios of mandatory order, economic incentive and mixed type P1,P2 and P3, analyzes the influence of government behavior choice on the resource utilization ability of farmers cotton straw. The research conclusions show that:In 2008-2017, the comprehensive scores of cotton straw resource utilization ability of farmers in South Xinjiang were: Aksu>Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture>Bayingol Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture>Kashgar>Hetian Area;under the three policy situations, the minimum value of the Nash equilibrium solution when the government adopts the mixed policy is P3,and the corresponding P3 is between P1 and P2,the greater the probability that farmers will use cotton straw resources, the stronger the ability of farmers to use cotton straw resources, and the greater the probability that the government will not take measures to maximize utility;in three the shortterm equilibrium condition of the hybrid policy under market equilibrium conditions and the longterm equilibrium critical value is easier to reach than the other two policy environments, and the mixed policy is more helpful to improve farmers cotton straw resource utilization ability.
Key words Straw recycling;Entropy method;External theory;Southern Xinjiang
秸秆作为农业废弃物之一,其资源化利用对我国环境治理有着重要意义。在我国,现有的秸秆资源化利用路径主要有基质化、饲料化、燃料化、肥料化、还田等,2015年,全国秸秆资源利用率超过80%。新疆作为产棉大省,其棉花产量的70%以上来自南疆,据有关学者测算其秸秆可收集量在2014年已超过1 000万t[1],秸秆资源非常丰富。南疆干旱……