异质性角度下合作社社员利益实现的影响因素

苏春阳 姜宛坤 王莹 余德贵

摘要 合作社作为现代新型农业经营主体的一种有效形式，积极推动了农业产业的融合与发展，在农业现代化的浪潮中扮演了重要的角色。但目前合作社仍然存在诸多的限制性因素，基于上述现象，从合作社参与者的角度剖析了影响合作社社员利益实现的影响因素，运用主成分分析法（PCA）从社员的资源禀赋、数字化生产能力，以及合作社参与程度三个角度筛选显著影响变量，并通过二元Logistic模型进行回归分析。结论表明，合作社中的约束机制、社员数字化能力等显著影响了社员的利益实现。未来应当加大合作社社员的培训力度，提高其数字化生产能力以及综合素质，提高社员的复合生产能力;引导青壮年劳动力的加入，改善合作社的内部结构;健全合作社内部的利益约束机制，健全劳动合同，保障社员的利益。

关键词 异质性;互联网;合作社;利益实现

中图分类号 F325 文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）01-0250-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.01.065

Abstract Farmers professional cooperatives，as an effective form of the modern agricultural management body，have actively promoted the integration and development of the agricultural industry and played an important role in the wave of agricultural modernization. However，there are still many restrictive factors in the cooperative. Based on the above phenomenon，the influencing factors affecting the realization of the interests of cooperative members are analyzed from the perspective of participants. And three perspectives of cooperative participation are used to screen for significantly influencing variables，and the regression analysis is carried out through a binary logistic model. The conclusion shows that the restraint mechanism and the digitization ability of the members in the cooperative have significantly affected the realization of the members interests. In the future，we should increase the training of cooperative members，improve their digital production capacity and comprehensive quality，and improve the composite production capacity of cooperative members;guide the joining of young and strong labor force，improve the internal structure of cooperatives;improve the cooperatives internal interest control mechanism and labor contracts，protect the interests of members.

Key words Heterogeneity;Internet;Cooperative;Benefit realization

農民专业合作社作为新时代兴起的一种农民经济合作形式，经济利益是其发展的基础和纽带，也是合作社产生和发展的重要动力[1]。在合作社的内部，一般具有“共同占有，利益分享，风险共担”的原则[2]，在顺应成员共同需求的基础上，合作社也获得了较好的发展。但由于合作社成员在资源禀赋以及利益诉求等方面存在差异，出现了成员分层现象，可以根据社员的参与程度和重要性将社员划分为普通成员和核心成员[3]。……