蔡苗 刘子萌
摘 要:作为幼儿深度学习的支持者,探讨幼儿教师深度学习的内涵和主要影响因素,对推动教师专业成长、提升幼儿学习能力具有重要意义。从个体和情境两个方面入手,幼儿教师深度学习在个体因素方面主要受元认知、学习动机、学习投入的影響;在情境因素方面主要受学习情境和学习社群的影响。
关键词:幼儿教师;深度学习;影响因素
【中图分类号】G658.1 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】1005-8877(2021)02-0044-02
The Main Influencing Factors and Enlightenment of Preschool Teachers Deep Learning
CAI Miao LIU Zimeng (School of Education Science,South China Normal University,China)
【Abstract】As a supporter of childrens deep learning,it is of great significance to explore the connotation and main influencing factors of preschool teachersdeep learning to promote teachers professional growth and improve childrens learning ability. From the perspective of individual and situation,the individual factors of preschool teachersdeep learning are mainly affected by metacognition,learning motivation and learning input. The situational factors are mainly influenced by the learning situation and the learning community.
【Keywords】Preschool teachers;Deep learning;Influencing factors.
1.深度学习的涵义与特征
以Marton与Saljo为首的团队分析了大学生在阅读课文时表现出的不同学习取向,将学生获取和加工信息的方式区分为“浅层学习”和“深度学习”,在教育领域中首次明确提出“深度学习”的概念。,Biggs领导的研究团队认为深度学习是指向理解阐述,批判思考,联结整合概念,强调新学知识与自身已有知识或有意义的环境进行联系。我国学者黎加厚认为深度学习是指在理解学习的基础上,学习者能够批判性地学习新的思想和事实,并将他们融入原有的认知结构中,能够在众多思想间进行联系,并能够将已有的知识迁移到情境中,做出决策和解决问题的学习。
从上述可见,尽管国内外学者针对深度学习的内涵尚未完全达到一致,但却具有共同的核心要素:一是理解学习。深度学习是基于对学习本质的深刻认识。理解学习不仅强调对知识表层意思的掌握,还强调对其内在含义、特定文化背景的了解,更强调对自身学习意义的理解。……