牙龈和牙槽嵴修整手术在牙齿修复中的应用价值

杭鲁平 姜更新 沈宇

[摘要] 目的 探讨牙齿修复中采取牙龈+牙槽嵴修整手术的治疗价值。 方法 选取2018年6月至2020年6月间来我院治疗的76例牙齿修复患者，以随机法为基准，A组39例予以牙龈+牙槽嵴修整手术，B组37例予以常规牙齿修复手术。比较两组患者的修复效果。 结果 A组的总有效率（94.87%）高于B组（72.97%），差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.848，P=0.009）。A组的牙齿咀嚼功能评分为（84.58±2.64）分，B组为（77.49±2.51）分，差异有统计学意义（t=11.986，P=0.000）;A组的牙齿舒适度评分为（88.49±3.17）分，B组为（80.37±3.08）分，差异有统计学意义（t=11.317，P=0.000）;A组的牙齿稳定性评分为（85.13±2.77）分，B组为（78.24±2.68）分，差异有统计学意义（t=11.011，P=0.000）。A组的美容效果总满意率（97.44%）高于B组（78.38%），差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.605，P=0.010）。 结论 为牙齿修复患者实行牙龈+牙槽嵴修整手术可以增强治疗效果，提升美容效果和牙齿功能，具有理想化疗效。

[关键词] 牙龈和牙槽嵴修整手术;牙齿修复;美容效果;牙齿功能

[Abstract] Objective To explore therapeutic value of gingival surgery and alveolar ridge repair surgery in dental restorations. Methods A total of 76 patients requiring dental restorations admitted to the hospital from June 2018 to June 2020 were selected as objects. Based on the random method，39 patients in group A were given gingival surgery and alveolar ridge repair surgery， and 37 patients in group B were given conventional dental restorations. The repair effect was compared between two groups. Results The total effective rate of group A （94.87%） was higher than that of group B（72.97%），the difference was statistically significant （χ2=6.848， P=0.009）. The score of tooth masticatory function in group A was （84.58±2.64） points， and that of group B was （77.49±2.51）points， the difference was statistically significant （t=11.986， P=0.000）. The teeth comfort score of group A was （88.49±3.17） points，and that of group B was （80.37±3.08） points，the difference was statistically significant（t=11.317， P=0.000）. The dental stability score of group A was （85.13±2.77）points， and that of group B was（78.24±2.68） points， the difference was statistically significant（t=11.011， P=0.000）.The overall satisfaction of the cosmetic effect of group A （97.44%） was higher than that of group B （78.38%）， the difference was statistically significant（χ2=6.605， P=0.010）. Conclusion The gingival and alveolar ridge repair surgery can enhance the treatment effect and improve the cosmetic effect and tooth function of patients requiring dental restoration， with an ideal effect.

[Key words] Gingival and alveolar ridge repair surgery; Dental restoration; Cosmetic effect; Tooth function

牙齒缺失、颌面缺损、牙齿异常发育和颞下颌关节病变是临床口腔科较为常见的病型，其主要疗法是牙齿修复手术[1]。其治疗原理为将修复材料固定于受损患牙组织上，恢复其咀嚼等功能，保持口腔结构美观。但前牙缺损、前牙牙冠短或牙外伤造成牙冠缺损严重（缺损组织深入牙龈以下超2 mm）时使用常规化修复手术难以满足前牙美观度需求，而且容易造成牙齿错位或牙槽嵴异常形态等不良情况。为此，临床建议优化手术方式，在恢复牙齿功能的同时尽量满足美观要求[2]。牙龈+牙槽嵴修整可以根据患牙的实际情况适度修整牙龈或牙槽，其借助小型器械完成修整操作，损伤性小，更受患者青睐。……