基于奥马哈系统的延续护理对青光眼患者自我管理能力的影响

黄小琼 周文哲 林豪

[摘要] 目的 研究分析基于奥马哈系统的延续护理对青光眼患者自我管理能力的影响。 方法 选取2017年7月至2019年7月温州医科大学附属眼视光医院收治的268例青光眼患者作为观察对象，随机分成两组，其中常规组134例出院后予以常规指导、随访，研究组134例予以基于奥马哈系统的延续护理。比较两组患者自我管理能力、护理效果。 结果 出院时，两组患者自我管理能力评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;出院3个月后，研究组自我管理能力评分高于常规组（P<0.05）。干预后，研究组眼压控制效果、依从性、满意度均高于常规组，再入院率低于常规组（P<0.05）。 结论 基于奥马哈系统的延续护理能进一步促进青光眼患者配合治疗，增强其自我管理能力，提高眼压控制效果，降低再入院率，且患者对此种护理模式十分满意，值得在临床中推广应用。

[关键词] 奥马哈系统;延续护理;青光眼;自我管理能力

[Abstract] Objective To study and analyze the effect of continuing care based on the Omaha system on the self-management ability of glaucoma patients. Methods A total of 268 cases of glaucoma patients admitted to the Optometry Hospital affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University from July 2017 to July 2019 were observed. They were randomly divided into two groups， of which 134 patients in the conventional group were given routine guidance and follow-up after discharge. The 134 cases in the study group were given continuing care based on the Omaha system. The self-management ability and nursing effect of the two groups were compared. Results At discharge， there was no difference in self-management ability scores between the two groups（P>0.05）. Three months after discharge， the self-management ability scores of the study group were higher than those of the conventional group（P<0.05）. After intervention， the IOP control effect， compliance， satisfaction in the study group were higher than those in the conventional group， and the readmission rate in the study group was lower than that in the conventional group（P<0.05）. Conclusion Continuing care based on the Omaha system can further prmote the coperation of glaucoma patients， enhancing their self-management ability， improving their intraocular pressure control effect， reducing their readmission rate， and patients are very satisfied with this kind of care model. It is worthy of popularization and application in clinic.

[Key words] Omaha system; Continuing care; Glaucoma; Self-management ability

青光眼在臨床中比较多见，主要特征表现为视野缺损、视物不清、视乳头凹陷萎缩[1-2]。一旦发生则不可逆，需要患者长期坚持治疗，并注重身心健康，才能尽量减缓疾病进展速度[3]。青光眼患者的临床疗效及预后效果与患者依从性、自我管理能力相关，因此积极探索一种全新的护理模式，进一步增强患者自我管理能力，提高其依从性，至关重要[4-5]。由美国访视护士协会提出的奥马哈系统是一个护理实践分类系统，主要以社区护理实践为对象，可帮助护理人员连续、完整记录患者相关生理、心理、环境等变化，让护理团队进一步全方位、详细的掌握患者病情，实施针对性护理，做到真正意义上的护理延续[6]。本研究以268例青光眼患者为观察对象，分析基于奥马哈系统的延续护理效果，以供临床参考，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取2017年7月至2019年7月温州医科大学附属眼视光医院收治的268例青光眼患者作为观察对象。按照……