女性医疗美容的驱动因素研究

王彩钰 张媛媛

[摘要]目的：研究女性对外形的相关看法及医疗美容的驱动因素。方法：以大连市成年女性为调查对象，通过发放调查问卷的方式，共收集有效问卷142份。利用SPSS 24.0统计软件，运用描述性统计分析、相关性分析、有序多元Logistic回归和二元Logistic回归分析方法，研究女性有医疗美容想法或医疗美容经历的影响因素。结果：工作对外形的要求与认为外形重要性程度显著相关（P<0.05）;认为外形的重要性程度、医疗美容价格、安全性了解程度、周围人评价影响自己对外形看法程度、受有医疗美容经历朋友的影响程度与是否有医疗美容想法显著相关（P<0.05）;收入、对外形满意程度、受有医疗美容经历朋友的影响程度为是否有医疗美容经历的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论：女性普遍认为外形非常重要，医疗美容的驱动因素主要受内在和外界环境的影响。

[关键词]医疗美容;接受程度;驱动因素;心理状态;问卷调查

[中图分类号]R622    [文献标志码]B    [文章编号]1008-6455（2021）03-0149-04

Research on the Driving Factors of Female Medical Cosmetology

WANG Cai-yu，ZHANG Yuan-yuan

（Department of Public Health，Dalian Medical University，Dalian 116044，Liaoning，China）

Abstract： Objective  To study women's perception of physical appearance and the drivers of medical cosmetology. Methods  A total of 142 valid questionnaires were collected from adult women in Dalian. Used SPSS 24.0 statistical software， descriptive statistics， bivariate correlation， ordered multinomial Logistic regression， binary Logistic regression were used to study the influencing factors of women's medical cosmetology thoughts or experiences. Results  There was a significant correlation between job requirements on appearance and perceived importance of appearance （P<0.05）. It was believed that the importance of appearance， the known of medical cosmetology prices and safety ，the degree of influence of evaluation of people around on their own perception of appearance， and the degree of influence of friends who had medical cosmetology experience， were significantly correlated with whether they had medical cosmetology thoughts （P<0.05）. The income， degree of appearance satisfaction and the degree of influence of friends with medical cosmetology experience are the influencing factors of whether they have medical cosmetology experience （P<0.05）. Conclusion  Women generally believe that appearance is very important， and the driving factor of medical cosmetology is mainly influenced by internal and external environment.

Key words： medical cosmetology; acceptance; driving factors; psychological state; questionnaire survey

隨着社会文化观念的改变和消费升级，人们对美的追求与感受越来越强烈，于是诞生了医疗美容这一新兴产物。所谓医疗美容，是指运用手术、药物、医疗器械以及其他具有创伤性或者侵入性的医学技术方法对人的容貌和人体各部分形态进行的修复与再塑[1]。目前现有的文献研究对整形美容所涉及到的伦理问题、安全问题以及医疗纠纷等方面的研究较多，但是对医疗美容的驱动因素方面的研究较少。因此本文主要从女性对外形重要性看法、满意程度、了解程度、受外界影响因素四个方面出发，了解女性的心理状况，分析产生这种现象的原因，从而引导女性树立健康的审美观，理性的消费观，科学合理地利用现代医学技术[2]。

1  资料和方法

1.1 研究对象：本文选取大连市成年女性为调查对象，采用随机抽样的方式，发放调查问卷。

1.2 调查方法：根据相关文献资料自制调查问卷……